Stoneware

Stoneware is a type of pottery that has been fired at a high temperature (about 1,200°C to 1,315 °C) and is very strong and durable. It is made from clay that is high in silica and alumina, and it is often glazed.

History

Stoneware was first made in China, during the Shang Dynasty (1600–1046 BC). It was not until the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) that stoneware was produced on a large scale. In Europe, stoneware was first produced in the Rhineland area of Germany in the 14th century.

Production

The production of stoneware involves several steps. First, the clay is prepared by mixing it with water and kneading it to remove air bubbles. The clay is then shaped into the desired form, either by hand or using a potter's wheel. After shaping, the clay is allowed to dry before it is fired in a kiln. The high firing temperature causes the clay to vitrify, or become glass-like, which makes the stoneware strong and durable.

Types of Stoneware

There are several types of stoneware, including salt-glazed, slipware, and ironstone. Salt-glazed stoneware is made by throwing salt into the kiln during the firing process, which creates a glassy, often mottled surface. Slipware is stoneware that has been decorated with a liquid clay mixture called slip. Ironstone is a type of stoneware that was developed in the 19th century and is known for its strength and durability.

Uses

Stoneware is used for a variety of purposes, including cookware, tableware, and decorative items. It is also used in building construction, for items such as bricks and tiles.

See Also

• Pottery
• Ceramics
• Earthenware
• Porcelain

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