CYP1A2

CYP1A2 is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. These enzymes are involved in the metabolism of a variety of substances, including drugs, toxins, and endogenous compounds. CYP1A2, in particular, is responsible for the metabolism of a number of important drugs, including caffeine, theophylline, and certain antipsychotics and antidepressants.

Function

CYP1A2 is primarily found in the liver, where it plays a key role in the oxidative metabolism of a wide range of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. It is involved in the metabolism of several important drugs, including caffeine, theophylline, clozapine, and olanzapine. It also metabolizes some carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic amines.

Genetic variation

There is considerable genetic variation in the activity of CYP1A2, with some individuals having high activity and others having low activity. This variation can have significant clinical implications, as it can affect the metabolism and therefore the effectiveness and toxicity of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.

Induction and inhibition

The activity of CYP1A2 can be induced or inhibited by a variety of substances. For example, smoking and consumption of cruciferous vegetables can induce CYP1A2 activity, while certain drugs, such as fluvoxamine and ciprofloxacin, can inhibit its activity.

Clinical significance

Given its role in drug metabolism, variations in CYP1A2 activity can have significant clinical implications. For example, individuals with high CYP1A2 activity may require higher doses of drugs metabolized by this enzyme to achieve therapeutic effects, while those with low activity may be at risk of drug toxicity.

See also

• Cytochrome P450
• Drug metabolism
• Pharmacogenetics

References

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