CD25 deficiency
CD25 Deficiency
CD25 deficiency (pronunciation: see-dee-twenty-five deficiency) is a rare immunodeficiency disorder characterized by the absence or low levels of the CD25 molecule, also known as the Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2Rα).
Etymology
The term "CD25" is derived from the term "Cluster of Differentiation 25", a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules present on leukocytes. The term "deficiency" comes from the Latin word 'deficientia', meaning 'a lack or shortage'.
Definition
CD25 deficiency is a condition where the body's immune system does not produce enough of the CD25 molecule. This molecule is crucial for the function of T cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune response. Without sufficient CD25, the immune system is unable to respond effectively to infections, leading to recurrent and severe infections.
Symptoms
Symptoms of CD25 deficiency can vary but often include recurrent infections, autoimmunity, and lymphoproliferation. Other symptoms may include eczema, failure to thrive, and diarrhea.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of CD25 deficiency is typically made through blood tests that measure the level of CD25 on the surface of T cells. Genetic testing can also be used to identify mutations in the IL2RA gene, which codes for the CD25 molecule.
Treatment
Treatment for CD25 deficiency typically involves managing symptoms and preventing infections. This can include the use of antibiotics, immunoglobulin replacement therapy, and in severe cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CD25 deficiency
- Wikipedia's article - CD25 deficiency
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