Butirosin

Butirosin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is derived from the bacterium Bacillus circulans. It is composed of two components, Butirosin A and Butirosin B, both of which have antibacterial properties.

History

Butirosin was first isolated in 1966 from Bacillus circulans strains found in soil samples. The discovery of this antibiotic was significant as it provided a new treatment option for infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

Mechanism of Action

Like other aminoglycosides, Butirosin works by binding to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis and leading to cell death. This makes it effective against a wide range of bacteria, including many that are resistant to other antibiotics.

Medical Uses

Butirosin is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative bacteria. These include infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, skin, and soft tissues. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics to treat severe or life-threatening infections.

Side Effects

As with all antibiotics, Butirosin can cause side effects. These may include kidney damage, hearing loss, and allergic reactions. Patients should be monitored closely for these effects while taking Butirosin.

Resistance

Bacterial resistance to Butirosin is a growing concern. This resistance can occur through several mechanisms, including modification of the antibiotic, alteration of the target site, or increased efflux of the drug from the bacterial cell.

See Also

• Aminoglycoside
• Antibiotic resistance
• Bacillus circulans

References

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  Structure of Butirosin A

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  Structure of Butirosin B