Butea monosperma

Species of flowering plant

Butea monosperma, commonly known as the Flame of the Forest, Bastard Teak, or Palash, is a species of flowering plant in the Fabaceae family. It is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

Description

Leaves of Butea monosperma

Butea monosperma is a medium-sized deciduous tree that can grow up to 15 meters in height. The tree is known for its striking orange-red flowers, which appear in dense clusters and cover the entire tree, giving it the appearance of being on fire. The leaves are compound, with three leaflets, and are shed before the flowering season.

Distribution and Habitat

Butea monosperma is found in a variety of habitats, including dry forests, grasslands, and along riverbanks. It is widely distributed across India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and parts of Myanmar and Thailand. The tree is well adapted to arid conditions and can thrive in poor soil.

Cultural Significance

Flowers of Butea monosperma in Kolkata

In India, Butea monosperma holds significant cultural and religious importance. It is associated with the festival of Holi, where the flowers are used to make natural dyes. The tree is also considered sacred in some regions and is often planted near temples.

Uses

The tree has various uses in traditional medicine and industry. The flowers are used to produce a natural dye, while the leaves are used as fodder for livestock. The gum, known as "Butea gum" or "Bengal kino," is used in traditional medicine for its astringent properties.

Ecological Role

Butea monosperma plays an important role in its ecosystem. The flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including bees and birds, which help in the pollination of the tree. The tree also provides habitat and food for various species of wildlife.

Gallery

• 
  Butea monosperma in Bagh-e-Jinnah
• 
  Bankh prepared from Butea roots
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  Palash tree in full bloom
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  Close-up of Polash flower
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  Butea monosperma plant in Yavatmal, Maharashtra

Related Pages

• Fabaceae
• Flame of the Forest
• Holi