Burnout
Burnout
Burnout (/ˈbɜːrnaʊt/) is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It occurs when an individual is overwhelmed, emotionally drained, and unable to meet constant demands.
Etymology
The term "burnout" is a relatively recent addition to the English lexicon. It was first used in this context by the American psychologist Herbert Freudenberger in the 1970s. He used it to describe the consequences of severe stress and high ideals experienced by people working in "helping" professions. The term is derived from the English words "burn" and "out", symbolizing the depletion of one's emotional or physical energy.
Symptoms
Burnout is characterized by three main dimensions: exhaustion, cynicism (less identification with the job), and feelings of reduced professional ability. More specific symptoms include:
- Chronic fatigue
- Insomnia
- Forgetfulness/impaired concentration and attention
- Physical symptoms such as chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal pain, dizziness, fainting, and/or headaches
- Increased illness
- Loss of appetite
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Anger
Related Terms
- Stress: A state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances.
- Depression: A mental health disorder characterized by persistently depressed mood or loss of interest in activities, causing significant impairment in daily life.
- Anxiety: A mental health disorder characterized by feelings of worry, anxiety, or fear that are strong enough to interfere with one's daily activities.
- Insomnia: A sleep disorder in which you have trouble falling and/or staying asleep.
Prevention and Treatment
Prevention and treatment of burnout include lifestyle changes, such as regular physical activity, a healthy diet, sufficient sleep, and mindfulness practices. In more severe cases, psychological counseling or medication may be necessary.
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