Brown-sequard syndrome
Brown-Séquard syndrome
Brown-Séquard syndrome (pronounced: /ˈbraʊn sɪˈkwɑːrd/), also known as hemisection of the spinal cord, is a rare neurological condition characterized by a lesion in the spinal cord resulting in weakness or paralysis (hemiparaplegia) on one side of the body and a loss of sensation (hemianesthesia) on the opposite side.
Etymology
The syndrome is named after the French physician Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard, who first described the condition in 1850.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Brown-Séquard syndrome can vary depending on the exact location and extent of the spinal cord lesion. Common symptoms include:
- Hemiparaplegia: Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body.
- Hemianesthesia: Loss of sensation on the opposite side of the body.
- Hyperesthesia: Increased sensitivity to stimulation, such as touch or pain, on the side of the body opposite to the lesion.
- Dysesthesia: Unpleasant, abnormal sense of touch that can often be painful.
Causes
Brown-Séquard syndrome is most commonly caused by a spinal cord injury that affects only one side of the spinal cord. Other potential causes include:
- Tumors that press on one side of the spinal cord.
- Multiple sclerosis, a disease that causes the immune system to attack the protective covering of nerve fibers in the spinal cord.
- Infections of the spinal cord, such as tuberculosis or herpes zoster.
Treatment
Treatment for Brown-Séquard syndrome primarily involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may include surgery to remove a tumor or to repair a spinal cord injury, medications to manage symptoms, and physical therapy to improve mobility and strength.
See also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Brown-sequard syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Brown-sequard syndrome
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