Bone morphogenetic protein 15

From Food & Medicine Encyclopedia

Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (also known as BMP15) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BMP15 gene. BMP15 is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily, which is a group of proteins involved in the regulation of cellular processes.

Function[edit]

BMP15 is an oocyte-derived growth factor in ovarian follicles. It plays a key role in oocyte maturation, folliculogenesis, and female fertility. BMP15 is involved in the development of the ovarian follicle from the primary to the antral stage, and it also plays a role in the prevention of granulosa cell apoptosis.

Clinical significance[edit]

Mutations in the BMP15 gene have been associated with premature ovarian failure (POF), ovarian dysgenesis 1, and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). These conditions are characterized by a loss of ovarian function before the age of 40.

Structure[edit]

The BMP15 protein is composed of 392 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 44 kDa. It is synthesized as a preproprotein that undergoes proteolytic processing to generate the mature protein.

See also[edit]

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