Bipedalism
Bipedalism
Bipedalism (/baɪˈpɛdəlɪzəm/; from the Latin bi meaning "two" and pes meaning "foot") is a form of terrestrial locomotion where an organism moves by means of its two rear limbs or legs.
Etymology
The term "bipedalism" is derived from the Latin words bi meaning "two" and pes meaning "foot". The term was first used in the 19th century to describe the ability to walk on two feet.
Definition
Bipedalism is the ability to maintain balance, navigate terrain, and move from one place to another on two legs. This form of locomotion is most commonly associated with humans, but it is also observed in other animals such as birds and some species of primates.
Evolution of Bipedalism
The evolution of bipedalism in humans is thought to have occurred around 4 to 6 million years ago, during the period of the Hominin evolution. The exact reasons for this shift from quadrupedalism to bipedalism are still a subject of research and debate among scientists. Some theories suggest that bipedalism evolved as a response to environmental changes, while others propose that it was a result of social or dietary changes.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Bipedalism has several advantages, such as the ability to see over tall grass, carry objects, and use tools. However, it also has some disadvantages, including increased energy use and vulnerability to injury.
Related Terms
- Quadrupedalism: The use of four limbs for locomotion.
- Hominini: A tribe of the family Hominidae; includes humans and their closest extinct relatives.
- Locomotion: The ability to move from one place to another.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bipedalism
- Wikipedia's article - Bipedalism
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