Bcr-abl
Bcr-abl
Bcr-abl (pronounced: bee-see-are-ay-bee-el) is a fusion gene that is formed as a result of the Philadelphia chromosome translocation. The term "Bcr-abl" is derived from the names of the two genes involved in this translocation: the BCR gene and the ABL1 gene.
Etymology
The term "Bcr-abl" is an acronym for "Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson", which refers to the two genes involved in the formation of this fusion gene. The "Bcr" part of the name comes from the Breakpoint Cluster Region gene, which is located on chromosome 22. The "abl" part of the name comes from the ABL1 gene, which is located on chromosome 9.
Function
The Bcr-abl fusion gene produces a protein with tyrosine kinase activity. This protein is constantly active, leading to uncontrolled cell division and the development of cancer. The Bcr-abl fusion gene is most commonly associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but it can also be found in other types of leukemia.
Related Terms
- Philadelphia Chromosome: The Philadelphia chromosome is a specific genetic abnormality that is associated with chronic myeloid leukemia. It is the result of a reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22, which leads to the formation of the Bcr-abl fusion gene.
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): Chronic myeloid leukemia is a type of cancer that starts in certain blood-forming cells of the bone marrow. The presence of the Bcr-abl fusion gene is a hallmark of CML.
- Tyrosine Kinase: Tyrosine kinases are enzymes that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a protein in a cell. The Bcr-abl fusion gene produces a protein with tyrosine kinase activity, which plays a key role in the development of cancer.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bcr-abl
- Wikipedia's article - Bcr-abl
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