Bark

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Bark (bärk)

Bark refers to the protective outer covering of the trunk, branches, and roots of trees and other woody plants. It overlays the wood and consists of the inner bark and the outer bark. The inner bark, which in older stems is living tissue, includes the innermost area of the periderm. The outer bark in older stems includes the dead tissue on the surface of the stems, along with parts of the outermost periderm and all the tissues on the outside of the periderm. The outer bark on trees which lies external to the last formed periderm is also known as the rhytidome.

Pronunciation

Bark is pronounced as /bärk/.

Etymology

The term "bark" comes from the Old Norse "bǫrkr" which means "bark". In Middle English, it was called "barke".

Related Terms

  • Cork (tissue): The outermost layer of a plant's bark, which protects the tree from insects and diseases.
  • Phloem: The vascular tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.
  • Periderm: The protective coat that replaces the epidermis in plants during secondary growth, formed of the cork and cork cambium.
  • Rhytidome: The most familiar part of bark, being the outer layer that covers the trunks of trees. It is composed mostly of dead cells and is produced by the formation of multiple layers of suberized periderm.

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