Atypia
Atypia
Atypia (/əˈtɪpiə/; from Greek a- "not" and typos "type") is a term used in pathology to refer to abnormality in the structure or maturity of cells. It is often indicative of precancerous or cancerous changes within the cell.
Definition
Atypia is characterized by a variety of cellular abnormalities that differ from the normal architecture of cells. These abnormalities can include changes in the size, shape, and organization of the cell. Atypical cells may be found in a variety of tissues, including the breast, lung, skin, and cervix.
Causes
Atypia can be caused by a variety of factors, including inflammation, infection, radiation exposure, and genetic mutations. It is often associated with precancerous conditions, such as dysplasia and metaplasia, and is frequently found in biopsy samples taken from individuals with suspected cancer.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of atypia is typically made through microscopic examination of tissue samples. Pathologists look for changes in the size, shape, and organization of cells that are indicative of atypia. Additional tests, such as immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology, may also be used to confirm a diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for atypia depends on the underlying cause of the cellular abnormalities. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. In other cases, treatment may involve surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.
Prognosis
The prognosis for individuals with atypia varies widely and depends on a variety of factors, including the type and location of the atypical cells, the underlying cause of the atypia, and the individual's overall health.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Atypia
- Wikipedia's article - Atypia
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