Antimuscarinic
Antimuscarinic
Antimuscarinic (pronunciation: an-tee-mus-ka-rin-ik) is a term used to describe a group of medications that block the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and the peripheral nervous system. These drugs are primarily used in the treatment of various medical conditions such as gastrointestinal disorders, urinary incontinence, and certain types of poisoning.
Etymology
The term "antimuscarinic" is derived from the name of the poisonous mushroom Amanita muscaria, which contains the muscarinic agonist muscarine. The prefix "anti-" is of Greek origin, meaning "against", thus "antimuscarinic" refers to substances that work against the effects of muscarine.
Related Terms
- Muscarinic antagonist: Another term for antimuscarinic drugs, highlighting their role in blocking muscarinic receptors.
- Parasympatholytic: A class of drugs that reduce the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, of which antimuscarinics are a part.
- Atropine: A naturally occurring antimuscarinic used to treat certain types of poisonings.
- Scopolamine: Another naturally occurring antimuscarinic, used in the treatment of motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Usage
Antimuscarinic drugs are used in a variety of medical conditions. They can reduce muscle spasms in the gastrointestinal tract, bladder, and lungs. They are also used to treat certain types of poisoning, and in ophthalmology to dilate the pupils during eye examinations.
Side Effects
Common side effects of antimuscarinic drugs include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, drowsiness, and confusion. In severe cases, they can cause hallucinations, severe allergic reactions, and heart problems.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Antimuscarinic
- Wikipedia's article - Antimuscarinic
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