Antagonism

Antagonism (pronounced: an-tag-o-nizm) is a term used in various fields of study, including biology, pharmacology, and psychology. It generally refers to a situation where two or more agents, substances, or concepts work against each other, inhibiting or counteracting each other's effects.

Etymology

The term "antagonism" originates from the Greek word "antagonizesthai", which means "to struggle against". It is composed of "anti-", meaning "against", and "agonizesthai", meaning "to struggle".

In Biology

In biology, antagonism refers to the interaction between two or more species that results in harm to at least one of the species. This can occur through various mechanisms, such as competition for resources, predation, or parasitism. Antagonistic interactions are a major driver of natural selection and evolution.

In Pharmacology

In pharmacology, an antagonist is a substance that interferes with or inhibits the physiological action of another. This can occur by blocking the binding site of a receptor, or by interfering with the signaling mechanisms of a cell. Antagonists are often used in medicine to counteract the effects of harmful substances or to treat certain medical conditions.

In Psychology

In psychology, antagonism is a personality trait characterized by a persistent pattern of behaviors that are perceived as hostile or oppositional. It is often associated with personality disorders and can manifest as aggression, manipulation, or a lack of empathy.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Antagonism
Wikipedia's article - Antagonism

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