Alloys
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Alloys
Alloys (pronunciation: /ˈælɔɪ/) are a combination of metals or of a metal and another element. Alloys are defined by a metallic bonding character. An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions).
Etymology
The term "alloy" comes from the Old French aloi, itself derived from the Latin word alligare which means "to bind together".
Types of Alloys
There are many types of alloys, but they can generally be classified into two categories.
- Ferrous Alloys: These are alloys that contain iron. Some common examples include steel and stainless steel.
- Non-Ferrous Alloys: These are alloys that do not contain iron. Examples include brass, bronze, and pewter.
Properties of Alloys
Alloys are used in a wide range of applications due to their physical and chemical properties. These properties include:
- Strength: Alloys are often stronger than the individual metals they are made from.
- Corrosion Resistance: Some alloys, like stainless steel, are highly resistant to corrosion.
- Heat Resistance: Certain alloys can withstand high temperatures without losing their strength or shape.
Related Terms
- Amalgam: An alloy that includes mercury.
- Precipitation Hardening: A heat treatment technique used to increase the hardness of an alloy.
- Superalloy: A type of alloy that can withstand high temperatures and is often used in jet engines.
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