Adenovirus infection

Adenovirus Infection

Adenovirus infection (pronunciation: /ˌædɪnoʊˈvaɪrəs ɪnˈfɛkʃən/) is a common illness caused by the adenovirus. The term "adenovirus" is derived from the Greek words "adenos" meaning gland and "virus" meaning poison.

Adenoviruses are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (without an outer lipid bilayer) icosahedral viruses composed of a nucleocapsid and a double-stranded linear DNA genome. There are 57 described serotypes in humans, which are responsible for 5–10% of upper respiratory infections in children, and many infections in adults as well.

Symptoms

Symptoms of an adenovirus infection can range from the common cold syndrome to pneumonia, croup, and bronchitis. Patients with compromised immune systems are especially susceptible to severe complications of adenovirus infection. Unusually severe or prolonged cases should always be examined by a doctor.

Transmission

Adenoviruses are primarily spread via direct contact, fecal-oral transmission, and occasionally waterborne transmission. Some types of adenoviruses can spread through an aerosol of respiratory droplets.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for adenovirus infection. Most adenovirus infections are mild and require only treatment of symptoms. Severe infections may require antiviral drugs and hospitalization.

Prevention

Prevention of adenovirus infection involves proper hygiene, such as hand washing, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and keeping the immune system strong through a healthy diet and regular exercise.

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Adenovirus infection