Adenosine receptor antagonist
Adenosine receptor antagonist
The Adenosine receptor antagonist (pronunciation: a-den-o-seen re-sep-tor an-tag-o-nist) is a type of drug that inhibits the action of adenosine receptors.
Etymology
The term "Adenosine receptor antagonist" is derived from three words. "Adenosine" is a compound that is formed by the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy carrier in all living organisms. "Receptor" refers to a protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell. "Antagonist" is a term used in pharmacology to refer to a substance that interferes with or inhibits the physiological action of another.
Function
Adenosine receptor antagonists work by binding to adenosine receptors without activating them, thereby blocking the actions of adenosine and its related compounds. They are used in the treatment of various conditions such as Parkinson's disease, asthma, and cardiovascular disease.
Types
There are four known types of adenosine receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Each type has a different function and is blocked by different adenosine receptor antagonists. Some of the most commonly used adenosine receptor antagonists include caffeine, theophylline, and dipyridamole.
Related Terms
- Adenosine: A compound that is formed by the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy carrier in all living organisms.
- Receptor: A protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.
- Antagonist: A substance that interferes with or inhibits the physiological action of another.
- Parkinson's disease: A long-term degenerative disorder of the nervous system that mainly affects the motor system.
- Asthma: A long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.
- Cardiovascular disease: A class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.
- Caffeine: A central nervous system stimulant of the methylxanthine class.
- Theophylline: A methylxanthine drug used in therapy for respiratory diseases.
- Dipyridamole: A medication that inhibits blood clot formation when given chronically and causes blood vessel dilation when given at high doses over a short time.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Adenosine receptor antagonist
- Wikipedia's article - Adenosine receptor antagonist
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