Acid-base reaction
Acid-base reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves the exchange of one or more hydrogen ions, H+, between species that may be neutral (molecules, such as water, H2O) or electrically charged (ions, such as hydroxide, OH−; or ammonium, NH4+).
Pronunciation
/ˈæsɪd beɪs riˈækʃən/
Etymology
The term "acid-base reaction" comes from the nature of the reaction, which involves an acid (a substance that can donate hydrogen ions) and a base (a substance that can accept hydrogen ions).
Related Terms
- Acid: A substance that can donate hydrogen ions in a reaction.
- Base: A substance that can accept hydrogen ions in a reaction.
- Neutralization: A type of acid-base reaction where an acid and a base react to form a salt and water.
- pH: A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution.
- Hydrogen ion: The ion that is donated or accepted in an acid-base reaction.
- Hydroxide ion: A negatively charged ion made of oxygen and hydrogen (OH−) that is a common participant in acid-base reactions.
- Ammonium ion: A positively charged ion (NH4+) that can act as an acid in some reactions.
Acid-Base Reaction in Detail
An acid-base reaction is a chemical process that takes place when an acid is mixed with a base. The acid donates a proton (H+) to the base, resulting in the formation of a conjugate base and a conjugate acid. This process is known as proton transfer. The strength of an acid or base is determined by its ability to donate or accept protons. The pH scale is used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, with lower values indicating higher acidity and higher values indicating higher basicity.
See Also
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