Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine

What Is Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine ?

Abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet, a combination of abacavir, lamivudine, and zidovudine, each nucleoside analogue HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

What are the uses of this medicine?

Abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is indicated in combination with other antiretrovirals or alone for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection.

How does this medicine work?

• The combination of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine is used alone or along with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine are in a class of medications called nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).
• They work by decreasing the amount of HIV in the blood.
• Although the combination of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine does not cure HIV, it may decrease your chance of developing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and HIV-related illnesses such as serious infections or cancer.

Who Should Not Use this medicine ?

This medicine cannot be used in: who have the HLA-B*5701 allele.

• with prior hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir, lamivudine, or zidovudine.
• with moderate or severe hepatic impairment
• Limited data exist on the use of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablets alone in patients with higher baseline viral load levels (greater than 100,000 copies per mL) .

Is this medicine FDA approved?

• Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine was approved for use in the United States and the European Union in 2000.
• In December 2013, Lupin Limited launched a generic version of abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine.

How should this medicine be used?

Before initiating abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablets, screen for the HLA-B*5701 allele because abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet contains abacavir.

Recommended Dosage for Adults and Pediatric Patients Weighing at Least 40 kg

• The recommended dosage of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is one tablet taken orally twice daily with or without food.

Not Recommended Due to Lack of Dosage Adjustment Because abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is a fixed-dose tablet and cannot be dose adjusted, abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is not recommended for:

• pediatric patients who weigh less than 40 kg
• patients with creatinine clearance less than 50 mL per minute
• patients with mild hepatic impairment. Abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is contraindicated in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment

What are the dosage forms and brand names of this medicine?

This medicine is available in fallowing doasage form:

• Abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablets contain 300 mg of abacavir as abacavir sulfate, 150 mg of lamivudine, and 300 mg of zidovudine.

This medicine is available in fallowing brand names:

• Trizivir®

What side effects can this medication cause?

Common possible side effects of this medicine include:

• nausea
• headache
• malaise
• fatigue
• vomiting

What special precautions should I follow?

• Serious allergic reactions (hypersensitivity reaction) that can cause death have happened with abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablets and other abacavir-containing products. Your risk of this allergic reaction is much higher if you have a gene variation called HLA-B*5701.
• Discontinue abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablets as soon as a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected.
• Discontinue abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablets as medically appropriate and consider dose reduction or discontinuation of interferon alfa, ribavirin, or both.
• Coadministration of ribavirin and zidovudine is not advised.
• Immune reconstitution syndrome and lipoatrophy have been reported in patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy.

What to do in case of emergency/overdose?

• There is no known specific treatment for overdose with abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablets.
• If overdose occurs, the patient should be monitored and standard supportive treatment applied as required.

Abacavir It is not known whether abacavir can be removed by peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis.

Lamivudine Because a negligible amount of lamivudine was removed via (4-hour) hemodialysis.

Zidovudine

• Acute overdoses of zidovudine have been reported in pediatric patients and adults.
• These involved exposures up to 50 grams.
• Acute overdosage with zidovudine apart from those listed as adverse events such as fatigue, headache, vomiting, and occasional reports of hematological disturbances.
• Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis appear to have a negligible effect on the removal of zidovudine

Can this medicine be used in pregnancy?

• The combination is very useful in pregnant women to decrease the risk of mother-to-child transmission.

Can this medicine be used in children?

• Abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is not recommended in children who weigh less than 40 kg because it is a fixed-dose tablet that cannot be adjusted for these patient populations.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

• Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F).

• Dailymed label info on Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine
• FDA Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine

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