2-Fluoroethanol

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A chemical compound used in organic synthesis


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2-Fluoroethanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C2H5FO. It is a fluorinated alcohol and is used primarily in organic synthesis.

Structure and properties

2-Fluoroethanol is a colorless liquid at room temperature. It is characterized by the presence of a fluorine atom attached to the second carbon of the ethanol molecule. This fluorination imparts unique properties to the compound, such as increased polarity and hydrogen bonding capability compared to ethanol.

The presence of the fluorine atom also affects the boiling point and density of the compound. 2-Fluoroethanol has a boiling point of approximately 102°C and a density of 1.1 g/cm_. It is miscible with water, which makes it useful in various aqueous reactions.

Synthesis

2-Fluoroethanol can be synthesized through several methods. One common method involves the nucleophilic substitution of ethylene oxide with hydrogen fluoride. This reaction typically requires a catalyst and is conducted under controlled conditions to ensure the selective formation of the fluoroalcohol.

Applications

In organic chemistry, 2-Fluoroethanol is used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its ability to participate in hydrogen bonding makes it a valuable solvent for reactions involving polar compounds.

Safety and handling

2-Fluoroethanol is considered to be toxic and should be handled with care. It can be absorbed through the skin and may cause irritation. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles should be worn when handling this compound. In case of exposure, it is important to follow appropriate safety protocols and seek medical attention if necessary.

Related pages

  • 2D structure of 2-Fluoroethanol

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD