Endothrix

Endothrix is a term used in dermatology to describe a type of hair infection where the fungal elements predominantly involve the inside of the hair shaft. This condition is typically caused by species of dermatophytes, a group of fungi that cause skin, hair, and nail infections.

Causes

Endothrix is primarily caused by two species of dermatophytes: Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton violaceum. These fungi are anthropophilic, meaning they prefer to live on humans. They are spread from person to person through direct contact or by sharing personal items such as combs, hats, and towels.

Symptoms

The main symptom of endothrix is hair loss, which occurs because the fungus invades the hair shaft and causes the hair to break off at the scalp level. Other symptoms may include itching and redness of the scalp, and the formation of black dots where the hair has broken off.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of endothrix is usually made by examining the affected hair under a microscope. The presence of fungal spores inside the hair shaft is indicative of this condition. A culture test may also be performed to identify the specific type of fungus causing the infection.

Treatment

Treatment for endothrix typically involves the use of oral antifungal medications, such as griseofulvin or terbinafine. Topical antifungal creams or shampoos may also be used in conjunction with oral medications.

Prevention

Prevention of endothrix involves good personal hygiene practices, such as not sharing personal items, washing hands regularly, and keeping the scalp clean and dry.

See also

• Tinea capitis
• Dermatophytosis
• Ringworm

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