Rotenone

Rotenone is a naturally occurring compound that is used as an insecticide and pesticide. It is found in the roots and stems of several plants such as the jicama vine plant and the roots of several members of Fabaceae.

History

Rotenone was first isolated in 1895 by a French scientist, but its insecticidal properties were not recognized until the 20th century. It was first used as a broad-spectrum insecticide in the 1930s.

Uses

Rotenone is used in gardens, around homes, and in agriculture because it is effective against a wide range of insects. It is also used in fish management as a piscicide.

Mechanism of action

Rotenone works by interfering with the electron transport chain in mitochondria. It inhibits the transfer of electrons from iron-sulfur centers in complex I to ubiquinone. This stops the production of ATP, causing the death of the cell and the organism.

Safety

Rotenone is toxic to fish and insects, but it is less harmful to mammals and birds because they can break it down more quickly. However, it can still be harmful if it is inhaled, ingested, or comes into contact with the skin.

Environmental impact

Rotenone breaks down quickly in the environment and does not accumulate in the food chain. However, it can still have a negative impact on non-target species if it is not used carefully.

See also

• Pesticide
• Insecticide
• Mitochondria
• Electron transport chain

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