Palatal lift prosthesis

A dental prosthesis used to manage velopharyngeal insufficiency

A palatal lift prosthesis is a type of dental appliance used to manage velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), a condition where the soft palate does not close properly against the back of the throat during speech, leading to hypernasal speech and other speech disorders. This prosthesis is designed to elevate the soft palate, thereby improving speech by reducing nasal airflow during phonation.

Design and Function

The palatal lift prosthesis is custom-made for each patient and typically consists of an acrylic plate that fits against the roof of the mouth, similar to a denture. It extends posteriorly to lift the soft palate. The design may vary depending on the specific needs of the patient, including the degree of lift required and the anatomical structure of the oral cavity.

File:Palatal lift prosthesis diagram.png

Diagram of a palatal lift prosthesis in place.

The primary function of the palatal lift prosthesis is to assist in closing the velopharyngeal port during speech. By elevating the soft palate, it helps to prevent air from escaping through the nose, thus reducing hypernasality and improving speech intelligibility.

Indications

Palatal lift prostheses are indicated for patients with VPI due to:

• Neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, stroke, or traumatic brain injury.
• Congenital conditions like cleft palate or submucous cleft palate.
• Post-surgical complications from procedures involving the soft palate.

Fabrication Process

The fabrication of a palatal lift prosthesis involves several steps:

1. Assessment and Impression: The dentist or prosthodontist conducts a thorough assessment of the patient's oral cavity and takes an impression to create a model of the mouth.

2. Design: Based on the model, the prosthesis is designed to fit snugly against the hard palate and extend to lift the soft palate.

3. Fitting and Adjustment: The initial prosthesis is fitted in the patient's mouth, and adjustments are made to ensure comfort and effectiveness.

4. Follow-up: Regular follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor the fit and function of the prosthesis and make any necessary adjustments.

Benefits and Limitations

The benefits of using a palatal lift prosthesis include improved speech intelligibility, reduced nasal emission, and enhanced communication abilities. However, there are limitations, such as:

• Discomfort or difficulty in adapting to the prosthesis.
• Potential for irritation or ulceration of the oral tissues.
• Need for regular maintenance and adjustments.

Related pages

• Speech therapy
• Prosthodontics
• Cleft palate
• Velopharyngeal insufficiency