AB-PINACA

Synthetic cannabinoid

AB-PINACA
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AB-PINACA is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist of the cannabinoid receptors. It was originally developed by Pfizer in 2009 as an analgesic medication, but it has since become a substance of abuse in various parts of the world.

Chemical structure

AB-PINACA is classified as an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid. Its chemical structure is characterized by a 1-pentyl-1H-indazole core with a carboxamide group at the 3-position and an amino acid amide group at the 1-position. The IUPAC name for AB-PINACA is N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide.

Pharmacology

AB-PINACA acts as a full agonist at the CB₁ and CB₂ cannabinoid receptors. These receptors are part of the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating various physiological processes including pain sensation, mood, and appetite. The activation of these receptors by AB-PINACA can lead to psychoactive effects similar to those of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of cannabis.

Effects

The effects of AB-PINACA are similar to those of other synthetic cannabinoids and can include euphoria, relaxation, altered perception, and increased appetite. However, it can also cause adverse effects such as anxiety, paranoia, tachycardia, and in some cases, severe health complications like seizures or psychosis.

Legal status

Due to its potential for abuse and adverse health effects, AB-PINACA has been classified as a controlled substance in many countries. In the United States, it is listed as a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act, indicating that it is considered to have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.

Synthesis

The synthesis of AB-PINACA involves the reaction of 1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid with an appropriate amine to form the carboxamide linkage. The specific synthetic routes can vary, but they generally involve standard organic synthesis techniques used in the preparation of indazole derivatives.

Health risks

The use of AB-PINACA has been associated with numerous health risks, particularly when used in high doses or in combination with other substances. Users may experience severe cardiovascular, neurological, and psychological effects. There have been reports of hospitalizations and fatalities linked to its use.

Related pages

• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Cannabinoid receptor
• Endocannabinoid system
• Controlled Substances Act