Fez, Morocco

Fez

General Information
Name	Fez, Morocco
Native Name	فاس
Other Names
Settlement Type	City
Transliteration
Language 1
Type 1
Info 1
Location
Coordinates	34°2 N°4
Map	File:Morocco
Population
Total	1,112,072
Density	per km²
Area
Total	km²
Land	km²
Water	km²
Government
Type
Leader
Time Zone
Standard	UTC+1
DST	UTC

Fez (Arabic: فاس, Fās) is a city in north-central Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is one of the four "imperial cities" of Morocco, alongside Marrakesh, Rabat, and Meknes. Fez is renowned for its rich history, cultural heritage, and its well-preserved medieval architecture.

History

Fez was founded in 789 AD by Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty. The city grew rapidly and became a major center of religion, culture, and commerce in the Islamic world. In the 9th century, the University of Al Quaraouiyine was established, which is considered by some to be the oldest existing, continually operating higher educational institution in the world.

During the Marinid dynasty in the 13th and 14th centuries, Fez reached its zenith as a center of learning and trade. The Marinids constructed many of the city's most famous buildings, including the Bou Inania Madrasa and the Al-Attarine Madrasa.

Geography

Fez is located in the northern part of Morocco, situated in a valley surrounded by the Middle Atlas Mountains. The city is divided into three distinct parts: the old city (Fes el Bali), the new city (Fes el Jdid), and the modern urban area known as the Ville Nouvelle.

Culture

Fez is known for its vibrant cultural life and is often referred to as the "Mecca of the West" and the "Athens of Africa." The city is famous for its traditional crafts, including leather tanning, pottery, and weaving. The Fez Festival of World Sacred Music is an annual event that attracts artists and visitors from around the globe.

Architecture

The architecture of Fez is characterized by its intricate tilework, carved wood, and stucco decorations. The medina of Fez, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a labyrinth of narrow streets and alleys, home to numerous mosques, madrasas, and palaces. Notable architectural landmarks include the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque, the Dar Batha Museum, and the Royal Palace of Fez.

Economy

Fez has a diverse economy that includes agriculture, handicrafts, and tourism. The city is famous for its leather goods, particularly those produced in the Chouara Tannery, one of the oldest tanneries in the world. Tourism plays a significant role in the local economy, with visitors drawn to the city's historical sites and cultural events.

Education

Fez is home to several educational institutions, including the University of Al Quaraouiyine, which continues to be a center of Islamic learning. The city also hosts modern universities and schools that offer a wide range of academic programs.

Transportation

Fez is well-connected by road and rail, with a major train station that links it to other Moroccan cities such as Casablanca, Rabat, and Marrakesh. The Fès–Saïs Airport provides domestic and international flights, facilitating travel to and from the city.

Also see

• Marrakesh
• Rabat
• Meknes
• University of Al Quaraouiyine
• Chouara Tannery