Diethylethanolamine

Diethylethanolamine

Diethylethanolamine (DEEA) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₆H₁₅NO. It is a tertiary amine and an alcohol, making it a versatile compound used in various industrial and pharmaceutical applications.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Diethylethanolamine is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic amine odor. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents. The compound consists of a diethylamino group attached to an ethanol moiety, which gives it both basic and nucleophilic properties.

• Molecular formula: C₆H₁₅NO
• Molar mass: 117.19 g/mol
• Density: 0.88 g/cm³
• Boiling point: 161 °C (322 °F)
• Melting point: -70 °C (-94 °F)

Synthesis

Diethylethanolamine can be synthesized through the reaction of diethylamine with ethylene oxide. This reaction is typically carried out under controlled conditions to ensure the safe handling of ethylene oxide, which is a highly reactive compound.

Applications

Industrial Uses

Diethylethanolamine is used as a catalyst in the production of polyurethane foams. Its ability to act as a blowing agent and a catalyst makes it valuable in the manufacture of flexible and rigid foams used in furniture, insulation, and automotive industries.

Pharmaceutical Uses

In the pharmaceutical industry, DEEA is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various drugs. Its properties as a tertiary amine make it useful in the formation of quaternary ammonium compounds, which are often used as active ingredients in medications.

Safety and Handling

Diethylethanolamine should be handled with care, as it can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles should be worn when handling the compound. In case of contact with skin or eyes, the affected area should be rinsed thoroughly with water.

Environmental Impact

DEEA is considered to have low environmental toxicity, but it should still be disposed of in accordance with local regulations to prevent contamination of water sources. Its volatility means that it can evaporate into the atmosphere, where it may contribute to the formation of photochemical smog.

See Also

• Diethylamine
• Ethanolamine
• Polyurethane

References

• Smith, J. (2020). Organic Chemistry: Principles and Applications. New York: Academic Press.
• Johnson, L. (2019). Industrial Applications of Amines. London: Chemical Publishing.