Buttery (room)

Schloss Rochlitz - Kellergewölbe (01-2)

Buttery is a term that refers to a specific room in historical buildings, particularly those of the medieval era, such as castles, monasteries, and colleges. The primary function of a buttery was to store and serve beverages, especially beer and wine, rather than food. The name "buttery" is derived from the Old French word boterie, related to the Latin butticula, meaning "bottle". Thus, the original purpose of the buttery was closely associated with the storage of barrels or bottles of drink.

History and Function

In medieval times, the buttery was an essential part of an establishment's domestic arrangements, serving as a place where beverages were kept and sometimes dispensed. It was typically located near the dining hall or great hall to facilitate the serving of drinks during meals. The person in charge of the buttery was known as the "Butler", a role of considerable importance in the household staff hierarchy, responsible for the storage of wine and overseeing its distribution.

Architecture

Architecturally, butteries were designed for practicality and efficiency. They were often equipped with large wooden casks and stone jars for storing beverages, and sometimes featured a hatch or window through which the butler could serve drinks directly to the dining area. The floors were commonly made of stone to keep the room cool, helping to preserve the beverages stored within.

Evolution

Over time, the function and importance of the buttery evolved. In some cases, the term came to refer more broadly to a storage room for provisions or a pantry. This evolution reflects changes in domestic architecture and the management of large households or institutional buildings. In modern times, the term is rarely used in its original sense, though some colleges, particularly those of Oxford University and Cambridge University, still maintain rooms known as butteries, where students can purchase food and drink.

Cultural Significance

The buttery, in its prime, was more than just a storage room; it was a vital component of the social and domestic infrastructure of medieval and early modern institutions. It played a significant role in the daily life and functioning of castles, monasteries, and colleges, reflecting the broader social and economic practices of the time.

See Also

• Pantry
• Cellar
• Great Hall
• Medieval cuisine