Nuremberg

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Nuernberg Burg Panorama PtGUI

Nuremberg chronicles - Nuremberga

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Old town hall

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Nuremberg (German: Nürnberg) is a city in the German state of Bavaria, situated in the region of Franconia. It is Bavaria's second-largest city after Munich and is among the largest cities in Germany, with a population of about 518,000 as of 2021. Nuremberg is a significant cultural, economic, and educational center, known for its historical landmarks, vibrant cultural scene, and contributions to science and technology.

History

Nuremberg's history dates back to the 11th century when it was first mentioned in a document from 1050. It quickly grew in importance due to its location on key trade routes. By the late Middle Ages, Nuremberg had become a major center of the Holy Roman Empire, renowned for its artists, craftsmen, and traders. The city was also the site of major imperial diets, including the first Diet of Nuremberg in 1219.

During the Renaissance, Nuremberg was a hub of innovation and creativity. It was home to artist Albrecht Dürer, scientist Johannes Kepler, and poet Hans Sachs. The city's craftsmen and artists were celebrated for their contributions to the German Renaissance, particularly in printing, metalworking, and painting.

The Nuremberg Trials following World War II marked a significant chapter in the city's history. From 1945 to 1946, Nuremberg was the site of the military tribunals where key leaders of Nazi Germany were prosecuted for war crimes. These trials were pivotal in the development of international criminal law.

Geography

Nuremberg is located in northern Bavaria, approximately 170 kilometers north of Munich. It is situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal. The city is surrounded by the Franconian Jura, a hilly landscape that adds to its scenic beauty.

Economy

Nuremberg has a diverse economy with strengths in various sectors including information technology, energy, life sciences, and transportation. The city is a significant trade fair and exhibition center, hosting major events such as the Nuremberg Toy Fair. It is also home to several market-leading companies in fields such as electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and printing.

Culture

Nuremberg boasts a rich cultural heritage with numerous museums, theaters, and historical sites. The Nuremberg Castle, with its majestic imperial castle complex, is a prominent landmark. The city's medieval old town is well-preserved, offering a glimpse into its historical significance. Nuremberg is also famous for its Christmas market, the Christkindlesmarkt, one of the oldest and most renowned in the world.

Education

The city is a center for higher education and research, hosting institutions such as the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. It offers a wide range of academic disciplines and has a strong focus on science and technology.

Transport

Nuremberg is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The Nuremberg Airport is among the busiest in Bavaria, and the city's central railway station is a major hub for regional and long-distance trains. Public transportation within Nuremberg includes trams, buses, and a subway system.

See Also

• History of Nuremberg
• Nuremberg Trials
• Nuremberg Castle
• University of Erlangen-Nuremberg