Bornholm

Bornholm Disease

Bornholm disease, also known as epidemic pleurodynia or epidemic myalgia, is a viral illness characterized by severe paroxysmal chest pain and fever. It is caused by the Coxsackie B virus and is named after the Danish island of Bornholm where an outbreak was one of the first to be described.

Symptoms and Signs

The primary symptom of Bornholm disease is severe pain in the lower chest, often on one side. The pain is typically sharp and made worse by breathing deeply or moving. Other symptoms can include fever, headache, and muscle aches. In some cases, patients may also experience abdominal pain and vomiting.

Causes

Bornholm disease is caused by the Coxsackie B virus. This virus is part of the enterovirus family, which also includes poliovirus and echovirus. The virus is spread through respiratory droplets and fecal contamination.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Bornholm disease is typically based on the characteristic symptoms and a history of exposure. Laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis but are not always necessary.

Treatment

Treatment for Bornholm disease is primarily supportive. This can include rest, fluids, and over-the-counter pain relievers. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.

Epidemiology

Bornholm disease is most common in children and young adults. It can occur at any time of year but is most common in the summer and fall. Outbreaks often occur in community settings such as schools and day care centers.

See Also

• Coxsackie B virus
• Enterovirus
• Pleurodynia
• Myalgia

References

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