Safrazine

Safrazine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that was used as an antidepressant in the 1960s before being withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity concerns. It is a non-selective and irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO).

History

Safrazine was developed in the 1960s as a treatment for depression. It was one of the first monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) to be used for this purpose. However, it was withdrawn from the market due to concerns about its potential to cause liver damage (hepatotoxicity).

Mechanism of Action

As a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, safrazine works by blocking the action of a substance in the body called monoamine oxidase. This enzyme is involved in breaking down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By inhibiting this enzyme, safrazine increases the levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain, which can help to alleviate the symptoms of depression.

Side Effects

The most serious side effect of safrazine is hepatotoxicity, or liver damage. This is a rare but potentially fatal side effect. Other side effects can include nausea, dizziness, insomnia, and dry mouth. As with all MAOIs, safrazine can also cause a severe reaction if taken with certain other medications or foods containing tyramine.

Withdrawal

Safrazine was withdrawn from the market due to concerns about hepatotoxicity. Despite its withdrawal, it has been used in scientific research to study the effects of MAOIs and potential treatments for depression.

See Also

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
• Depression
• Hepatotoxicity

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