Vaporization

Vaporization (or vapourisation) is a phase transition from the liquid phase to gas phase. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling.

Evaporation

Evaporation is a surface phenomenon that occurs at temperatures below the boiling temperature at a given pressure. It occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase. The energy for evaporation can be supplied by the surface's surroundings, by the liquid itself, or by the gas above the surface of the liquid.

Boiling

Boiling is a bulk process, and it occurs at the boiling temperature, which is dependent upon the pressure. Boiling occurs when the equilibrium vapor pressure of the substance is greater than or equal to the environmental pressure. The temperature at which boiling occurs is the boiling temperature, or boiling point.

Energy requirement

The energy required to vaporize a substance is called the heat of vaporization, represented by the symbol ΔHvap. This energy can be measured in Joules per mole (J/mol), or calories per gram (cal/g).

See also

• Condensation
• Sublimation
• Deposition
• Triple point
• Critical point
• Phase diagram
• List of elements by boiling point

References

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External links

• Explanation of vapor pressure

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