MALT lymphoma

MALT lymphoma is a form of lymphoma involving the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), also called extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. It is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and accounts for 8% of all lymphomas. MALT lymphomas can occur in various parts of the body, but they are most commonly found in the stomach.

Etiology

The cause of MALT lymphoma is not well understood. However, it is known that chronic inflammation can lead to the development of MALT lymphoma. For example, infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori can cause chronic inflammation in the stomach, which can lead to MALT lymphoma.

Symptoms

The symptoms of MALT lymphoma vary depending on the location of the lymphoma. In the stomach, symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. In the lungs, symptoms may include cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of MALT lymphoma is usually made by biopsy of the affected tissue. The biopsy sample is examined under a microscope to look for the presence of cancer cells. Other tests, such as imaging studies and blood tests, may also be used to help make the diagnosis.

Treatment

The treatment of MALT lymphoma depends on the location and stage of the lymphoma. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. In some cases, treatment of the underlying cause of the inflammation, such as eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection, can lead to regression of the lymphoma.

Prognosis

The prognosis for MALT lymphoma is generally good, with a high rate of long-term survival. However, the prognosis can vary depending on the location and stage of the lymphoma, as well as the patient's overall health.

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