Head louse

Head louse is a type of insect that infests the hair and scalp of humans. The scientific name for the head louse is Pediculus humanus capitis. Head lice are a common problem, especially for kids. They are contagious, annoying, and sometimes tough to get rid of.

Overview

Head lice are tiny insects that live on the scalp, where they lay their eggs (called nits). These nits are often confused with dandruff or hair spray droplets. Head lice are most common in children aged 3 to 11 but can affect people of all ages. They do not carry diseases.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of a head louse infestation is itching. This is due to an allergic reaction to louse saliva. Other symptoms may include a feeling of something moving in the hair, an irritated scalp, or sores on the head caused by scratching.

Treatment

Treatment for head lice is recommended for persons diagnosed with an active infestation. All household members and other close contacts should be checked; those persons with evidence of an active infestation should be treated. Some treatments include over-the-counter (OTC) products, prescription treatments, and home remedies.

Prevention

Prevention of head lice infestation is primarily focused on avoiding head-to-head contact, the most common method of lice transmission. Regular checks for lice in children can also help prevent an infestation.

See also

• Body louse
• Crab louse
• Lice
• Pediculosis

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