Rapunzel syndrome

Rapunzel syndrome is a rare gastrointestinal condition characterized by the ingestion of hair (trichophagia) leading to the formation of a hairball (trichobezoar) in the stomach, with its tail extending into the intestines. This condition is associated with trichotillomania, a psychological disorder in which a person pulls out their own hair.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Rapunzel syndrome can vary widely, but often include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and anemia. In severe cases, it can lead to complications such as gastrointestinal obstruction, perforation, pancreatitis, and even death.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Rapunzel syndrome is often challenging due to its rarity and non-specific symptoms. It is usually confirmed through endoscopy, ultrasound, or computed tomography (CT) scan.

Treatment

The primary treatment for Rapunzel syndrome is the surgical removal of the hairball. In some cases, endoscopic removal may be possible. Psychotherapy and medications may also be necessary to treat the underlying trichotillomania.

Epidemiology

Rapunzel syndrome is extremely rare, with fewer than 100 cases reported in the medical literature. It is most commonly seen in young females with psychiatric disorders.

See also

• Trichotillomania
• Trichophagia
• Trichobezoar
• Gastrointestinal obstruction

References

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