Lipid emulsion

Lipid emulsion is a medical treatment used primarily in the management of certain types of poisoning. It is a solution of lipids that is administered intravenously.

Overview

Lipid emulsion therapy is used in the treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). It is also used in the treatment of other types of drug toxicity, although the evidence for its effectiveness in these cases is less clear.

Mechanism of action

The exact mechanism of action of lipid emulsion therapy is not fully understood. It is thought to work by creating a 'lipid sink' in the bloodstream. This 'sink' attracts the toxic substance, reducing its concentration in the tissues and allowing it to be metabolically broken down.

Use in local anesthetic systemic toxicity

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a serious complication of local anesthesia. It can cause seizures, cardiac arrest, and death. Lipid emulsion therapy is used as a treatment for LAST. It is administered intravenously, usually in combination with other treatments.

Use in other types of poisoning

Lipid emulsion therapy has been used in the treatment of poisoning by a variety of other substances, including some types of antidepressants, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers. However, the evidence for its effectiveness in these cases is less clear.

Side effects

Like all medical treatments, lipid emulsion therapy can have side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, and allergic reactions. In rare cases, it can cause fat overload syndrome, a serious condition that can lead to organ failure.

See also

• Intravenous therapy
• Poisoning
• Local anesthetic

References

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