Endemic goitre

Endemic Goitre is a type of goitre that is commonly found in certain geographical areas where the diet is deficient in iodine. The term "endemic" refers to the high prevalence of the condition in these areas.

Causes

The primary cause of Endemic Goitre is a lack of dietary iodine. Iodine is an essential nutrient that the body needs to produce thyroid hormones. When the body does not get enough iodine, it cannot produce these hormones in sufficient quantities, leading to the enlargement of the thyroid gland, a condition known as goitre.

Symptoms

The most obvious symptom of Endemic Goitre is a visible swelling at the base of the neck. Other symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, coughing, hoarseness, and in severe cases, difficulty breathing.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Endemic Goitre typically involves a physical examination of the neck, blood tests to measure the levels of thyroid hormones, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan to visualize the thyroid gland.

Treatment

Treatment for Endemic Goitre usually involves supplementation with iodine. This can be achieved through diet, iodine supplements, or iodized salt. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the enlarged thyroid gland.

Prevention

Prevention of Endemic Goitre primarily involves ensuring an adequate intake of iodine. This can be achieved through the consumption of iodine-rich foods, the use of iodized salt, or iodine supplementation.

See also

• Goitre
• Iodine deficiency
• Thyroid hormones
• Thyroid gland

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