Emergency psychiatry

Emergency psychiatry is the clinical application of psychiatry in emergency settings. Conditions requiring psychiatric interventions may include attempted suicide, substance abuse, depression, psychosis, violence or other rapid changes in behavior. Psychiatric emergency services are rendered by professionals in the fields of medicine, nursing, psychology and social work. The demand for emergency psychiatric services has rapidly increased throughout the world since the 1960s, especially in urban areas. Care for patients in situations involving emergency psychiatry is complex.

Causes

Individuals may arrive in psychiatric emergency service settings through their own voluntary request, a referral from another health professional, or through involuntary commitment. Care of patients requiring psychiatric intervention usually encompasses crisis stabilization of many serious and potentially life-threatening conditions which could include acute or chronic mental disorders or symptoms similar to those conditions.

Treatment

Treatment involves a variety of methods, some of which include: medication, physical restraint, seclusion, and verbal counseling or de-escalation. In many jurisdictions, emergency psychiatry involves evaluating a person's mental state and danger to self or others in an emergency department, to determine whether the person requires hospitalization in a psychiatric ward, outpatient treatment, or whether they can be discharged.

See also

• Psychiatry
• Mental health
• Suicide prevention
• Substance abuse
• Depression
• Psychosis

References

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