A-262

A chemical compound belonging to the Novichok family of nerve agents

A-262 is a chemical compound that belongs to the Novichok family of nerve agents. These agents were developed in the Soviet Union during the Cold War and are known for their high toxicity and potential use in chemical warfare.

Chemical Structure

A-262 is an organophosphate compound, which means it contains phosphorus as part of its chemical structure. The specific structure of A-262 includes a phosphorus atom bonded to various organic groups, which contribute to its potency as a nerve agent.

Mechanism of Action

Like other nerve agents, A-262 functions by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This enzyme is responsible for breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase leads to an accumulation of acetylcholine, resulting in continuous stimulation of muscles, glands, and central nervous system structures.

Toxicity

A-262 is highly toxic, with effects similar to other nerve agents such as sarin and VX. Exposure to even small amounts can be fatal, and symptoms of poisoning include muscle twitching, respiratory distress, convulsions, and loss of consciousness.

History and Development

The development of A-262 and other Novichok agents was part of a secret Soviet program aimed at creating more potent chemical weapons that could evade detection by international monitoring systems. The existence of these agents was revealed by Vil Mirzayanov, a former Soviet scientist, in the 1990s.

Detection and Protection

Detection of A-262 and other Novichok agents requires specialized equipment capable of identifying trace amounts of these compounds. Protective measures include the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gas masks and protective suits, as well as the administration of antidotes like atropine and pralidoxime.

Related pages

• Novichok agent
• Chemical warfare
• Organophosphate poisoning
• Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Gallery

• 
  Chemical structure of A-262