Delafloxacin

An overview of the antibiotic Delafloxacin

Delafloxacin
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Delafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and some Gram-negative bacteria.

Mechanism of Action

Delafloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes critical for DNA replication and transcription. This inhibition leads to the disruption of bacterial DNA synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.

Pharmacokinetics

Delafloxacin is available in both oral and intravenous formulations. It is well absorbed when taken orally, with a bioavailability of approximately 60%. The drug is widely distributed throughout the body and is primarily excreted via the kidneys.

Clinical Uses

Delafloxacin is approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). Its broad-spectrum activity makes it a valuable option in treating infections caused by resistant bacterial strains.

Side Effects

Common side effects of delafloxacin include nausea, diarrhea, and headache. Like other fluoroquinolones, it carries a risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture, particularly in older adults and those on concurrent corticosteroid therapy.

Resistance

Bacterial resistance to delafloxacin can occur through mutations in the target enzymes or through efflux pump mechanisms. However, delafloxacin has been shown to retain activity against some strains resistant to other fluoroquinolones.

Related pages

• Fluoroquinolone
• Antibiotic resistance
• Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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  Delafloxacin