Pathogenic bacteria: Difference between revisions
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'''Pathogenic bacteria''' are [[bacteria]] that can cause [[disease]]. | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Pathogenic bacteria | |||
| image = [[File:Neisseria_gonorrhoea_in_pus_-_Gram_stain.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = ''[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]'' in pus, Gram stain | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = Varies depending on the specific bacteria | |||
| complications = [[Sepsis]], [[organ failure]], [[chronic infection]] | |||
| onset = Varies | |||
| duration = Varies | |||
| causes = [[Bacterial infection]] | |||
| risks = [[Immunocompromised]] state, [[hospitalization]], [[poor hygiene]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Microbiological culture]], [[PCR]], [[serology]] | |||
| differential = [[Viral infection]], [[fungal infection]], [[parasitic infection]] | |||
| prevention = [[Vaccination]], [[hand hygiene]], [[antibiotic prophylaxis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]], [[supportive care]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies depending on the specific bacteria and treatment | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
'''Pathogenic bacteria''' are [[bacteria]] that can cause [[disease]]. | |||
[[File:Global_number_of_deaths_(A)_and_YLLs_(B),_by_pathogen_and_GBD_super-region,_2019.jpg|left|thumb|Pathogenic_bacteria]] | |||
[[File:Commensals_vs_pathogens_mechanism.png|thumb|Pathogenic_bacteria]] | |||
[[File:Cutaneous_abscess_MRSA_staphylococcus_aureus_7826_lores.jpg|left|thumb|Pathogenic_bacteria]] | |||
[[File:Botulinum_toxin_3BTA.png|thumb|Pathogenic_bacteria]] | |||
Although the vast majority of bacteria are harmless or beneficial, a few pathogenic bacteria can cause infectious diseases. The most common bacterial diseases include [[pneumonia]], [[tuberculosis]], and [[salmonellosis]]. Bacteria can often be killed by [[antibiotics]], but some types are resistant to antibiotics and are therefore more difficult to treat. | Although the vast majority of bacteria are harmless or beneficial, a few pathogenic bacteria can cause infectious diseases. The most common bacterial diseases include [[pneumonia]], [[tuberculosis]], and [[salmonellosis]]. Bacteria can often be killed by [[antibiotics]], but some types are resistant to antibiotics and are therefore more difficult to treat. | ||
== Types of Pathogenic Bacteria == | == Types of Pathogenic Bacteria == | ||
Pathogenic bacteria can be grouped into three categories based on their response to gaseous oxygen. These are: | Pathogenic bacteria can be grouped into three categories based on their response to gaseous oxygen. These are: | ||
* '''[[Aerobic bacteria]]''': These bacteria thrive in an oxygenated environment. Examples include [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] and [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]. | * '''[[Aerobic bacteria]]''': These bacteria thrive in an oxygenated environment. Examples include [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] and [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]. | ||
* '''[[Anaerobic bacteria]]''': These bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Examples include [[Clostridium difficile]] and [[Bacteroides fragilis]]. | * '''[[Anaerobic bacteria]]''': These bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Examples include [[Clostridium difficile]] and [[Bacteroides fragilis]]. | ||
* '''[[Facultative anaerobic bacteria]]''': These bacteria can survive in both oxygenated and non-oxygenated environments. Examples include [[Staphylococcus aureus]] and [[Escherichia coli]]. | * '''[[Facultative anaerobic bacteria]]''': These bacteria can survive in both oxygenated and non-oxygenated environments. Examples include [[Staphylococcus aureus]] and [[Escherichia coli]]. | ||
== Disease Mechanisms == | == Disease Mechanisms == | ||
Pathogenic bacteria cause disease in two ways: by invading tissues and by producing toxins. | Pathogenic bacteria cause disease in two ways: by invading tissues and by producing toxins. | ||
* '''[[Invasion]]''': Some bacteria cause disease by invading and damaging tissues. For example, [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] invades the lungs, causing tuberculosis. | * '''[[Invasion]]''': Some bacteria cause disease by invading and damaging tissues. For example, [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] invades the lungs, causing tuberculosis. | ||
* '''[[Toxin production]]''': Some bacteria produce toxins that damage tissues. For example, [[Clostridium difficile]] produces toxins that damage the intestines, causing diarrhea and inflammation. | * '''[[Toxin production]]''': Some bacteria produce toxins that damage tissues. For example, [[Clostridium difficile]] produces toxins that damage the intestines, causing diarrhea and inflammation. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment of bacterial infections usually involves [[antibiotics]]. However, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the development of [[antibiotic resistance]], making some bacterial infections more difficult to treat. | Treatment of bacterial infections usually involves [[antibiotics]]. However, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the development of [[antibiotic resistance]], making some bacterial infections more difficult to treat. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Prevention of bacterial infections can be achieved through good hygiene practices, vaccination, and the use of antibiotics when necessary. | Prevention of bacterial infections can be achieved through good hygiene practices, vaccination, and the use of antibiotics when necessary. | ||
==Additional images== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Diagnostic_algorithm_of_possible_bacterial_infection.png|Pathogenic_bacteria | |||
File:Overall_age-standardised_mortality_rate_per_100_000_population_for_33_pathogens_investigated,_2019.jpg|Pathogenic_bacteria | |||
File:Global_number_of_deaths_(A)_and_YLLs_(B),_by_pathogen_and_infectious_syndrome,_2019.jpg|Pathogenic_bacteria | |||
File:Global_number_of_deaths,_by_pathogen,_age,_and_sex_groups,_2019.jpg|Pathogenic_bacteria | |||
</gallery> | |||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Bacteria]] | * [[Bacteria]] | ||
* [[Infectious disease]] | * [[Infectious disease]] | ||
* [[Antibiotics]] | * [[Antibiotics]] | ||
* [[Antibiotic resistance]] | * [[Antibiotic resistance]] | ||
[[Category:Microbiology]] | [[Category:Microbiology]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Bacteria]] | [[Category:Bacteria]] | ||
[[Category:Pathogenic bacteria]] | [[Category:Pathogenic bacteria]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 12:08, 14 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Pathogenic bacteria | |
|---|---|
| File:Neisseria gonorrhoea in pus - Gram stain.jpg | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Varies depending on the specific bacteria |
| Complications | Sepsis, organ failure, chronic infection |
| Onset | Varies |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Bacterial infection |
| Risks | Immunocompromised state, hospitalization, poor hygiene |
| Diagnosis | Microbiological culture, PCR, serology |
| Differential diagnosis | Viral infection, fungal infection, parasitic infection |
| Prevention | Vaccination, hand hygiene, antibiotic prophylaxis |
| Treatment | Antibiotics, supportive care |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies depending on the specific bacteria and treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease.
Although the vast majority of bacteria are harmless or beneficial, a few pathogenic bacteria can cause infectious diseases. The most common bacterial diseases include pneumonia, tuberculosis, and salmonellosis. Bacteria can often be killed by antibiotics, but some types are resistant to antibiotics and are therefore more difficult to treat.
Types of Pathogenic Bacteria[edit]
Pathogenic bacteria can be grouped into three categories based on their response to gaseous oxygen. These are:
- Aerobic bacteria: These bacteria thrive in an oxygenated environment. Examples include Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Anaerobic bacteria: These bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Examples include Clostridium difficile and Bacteroides fragilis.
- Facultative anaerobic bacteria: These bacteria can survive in both oxygenated and non-oxygenated environments. Examples include Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Disease Mechanisms[edit]
Pathogenic bacteria cause disease in two ways: by invading tissues and by producing toxins.
- Invasion: Some bacteria cause disease by invading and damaging tissues. For example, Mycobacterium tuberculosis invades the lungs, causing tuberculosis.
- Toxin production: Some bacteria produce toxins that damage tissues. For example, Clostridium difficile produces toxins that damage the intestines, causing diarrhea and inflammation.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of bacterial infections usually involves antibiotics. However, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the development of antibiotic resistance, making some bacterial infections more difficult to treat.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention of bacterial infections can be achieved through good hygiene practices, vaccination, and the use of antibiotics when necessary.
Additional images[edit]
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Pathogenic_bacteria
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Pathogenic_bacteria
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Pathogenic_bacteria
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Pathogenic_bacteria
_and_YLLs_(B),_by_pathogen_and_GBD_super-region,_2019.jpg){kind=link}
_and_YLLs_(B),_by_pathogen_and_infectious_syndrome,_2019.jpg){kind=link}
