Thromboangiitis obliterans: Difference between revisions
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= Thromboangiitis | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
== | | name = Thromboangiitis obliterans | ||
| image = [[File:M.Buerger_1.JPG|left|thumb|Micrograph of thromboangiitis obliterans]] | |||
| caption = Micrograph of thromboangiitis obliterans | |||
| synonyms = Buerger's disease | |||
| pronounce = | |||
| specialty = [[Vascular surgery]], [[Rheumatology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Claudication]], [[Raynaud's phenomenon]], [[ischemic ulcers]] | |||
| complications = [[Gangrene]], [[amputation]] | |||
| onset = Young adults, typically males | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Tobacco smoking]] | |||
| risks = [[Smoking]], [[male gender]], [[age]] 20-40 | |||
| diagnosis = [[Angiography]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Atherosclerosis]], [[Raynaud's disease]], [[scleroderma]] | |||
| prevention = [[Smoking cessation]] | |||
| treatment = [[Smoking cessation]], [[vasodilators]], [[surgical intervention]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on smoking cessation | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Thromboangiitis Obliterans''', also known as Buerger's disease, is a rare inflammatory vascular disorder. It primarily affects small and medium-sized arteries and veins in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow to these areas. | '''Thromboangiitis Obliterans''', also known as Buerger's disease, is a rare inflammatory vascular disorder. It primarily affects small and medium-sized arteries and veins in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow to these areas. | ||
== Pathophysiology == | == Pathophysiology == | ||
Thromboangiitis Obliterans is characterized by inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) within the blood vessels, which can lead to vessel blockage. This obstruction hampers blood flow, causing ischemia and pain in the affected limbs. | Thromboangiitis Obliterans is characterized by inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) within the blood vessels, which can lead to vessel blockage. This obstruction hampers blood flow, causing ischemia and pain in the affected limbs. | ||
== Epidemiology == | == Epidemiology == | ||
The disease is more prevalent in men aged 20-40 and is strongly associated with tobacco use, including smoking and chewing tobacco. It is more common in certain regions, including Southeast Asia and the Middle East. | The disease is more prevalent in men aged 20-40 and is strongly associated with tobacco use, including smoking and chewing tobacco. It is more common in certain regions, including Southeast Asia and the Middle East. | ||
[[File:Morbus Buerger-2.JPG|left|thumb|Illustration of the vascular system affected by Thromboangiitis Obliterans.]] | |||
[[File:Morbus Buerger-2.JPG|thumb|Illustration of the vascular system affected by Thromboangiitis Obliterans.]] | |||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of Thromboangiitis Obliterans include: | Symptoms of Thromboangiitis Obliterans include: | ||
* Pain and weakness in the affected limbs. | * Pain and weakness in the affected limbs. | ||
* Claudication (pain induced by exercise). | * Claudication (pain induced by exercise). | ||
* Ulcers or gangrene in severe cases. | * Ulcers or gangrene in severe cases. | ||
* Raynaud's phenomenon, where fingers and toes turn white or blue in response to cold temperatures or stress. | * Raynaud's phenomenon, where fingers and toes turn white or blue in response to cold temperatures or stress. | ||
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== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical assessment, medical history (particularly tobacco use), and diagnostic tests such as: | Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical assessment, medical history (particularly tobacco use), and diagnostic tests such as: | ||
* Angiography to visualize blood flow in arteries. | * Angiography to visualize blood flow in arteries. | ||
* Blood tests to rule out other conditions. | * Blood tests to rule out other conditions. | ||
* Doppler ultrasound studies of the affected limbs. | * Doppler ultrasound studies of the affected limbs. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
There is no cure for Thromboangiitis Obliterans, but treatment focuses on symptom management and slowing disease progression. Key aspects include: | There is no cure for Thromboangiitis Obliterans, but treatment focuses on symptom management and slowing disease progression. Key aspects include: | ||
* Cessation of tobacco use in all forms. | * Cessation of tobacco use in all forms. | ||
* Medications to improve blood flow or manage pain. | * Medications to improve blood flow or manage pain. | ||
* In severe cases, surgical options like angioplasty or amputation may be considered. | * In severe cases, surgical options like angioplasty or amputation may be considered. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for patients with Thromboangiitis Obliterans varies. Tobacco cessation can significantly improve symptoms and halt disease progression. Without management, the disease can lead to severe complications. | The prognosis for patients with Thromboangiitis Obliterans varies. Tobacco cessation can significantly improve symptoms and halt disease progression. Without management, the disease can lead to severe complications. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
The primary preventive measure is avoiding tobacco use. Early diagnosis and treatment can also prevent disease progression. | The primary preventive measure is avoiding tobacco use. Early diagnosis and treatment can also prevent disease progression. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Vascular diseases]] | * [[Vascular diseases]] | ||
* [[Smoking cessation]] | * [[Smoking cessation]] | ||
* [[Ischemia]] | * [[Ischemia]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
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* {{cite web |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/buergers-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350658 |title=Buerger's Disease |publisher=Mayo Clinic}} | * {{cite web |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/buergers-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350658 |title=Buerger's Disease |publisher=Mayo Clinic}} | ||
</references> | </references> | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
* [https://www.vasculitisfoundation.org/ Vasculitis Foundation] | * [https://www.vasculitisfoundation.org/ Vasculitis Foundation] | ||
* [https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/quit_smoking/index.htm CDC - Smoking & Tobacco Use] | * [https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/quit_smoking/index.htm CDC - Smoking & Tobacco Use] | ||
[[Category:Vascular diseases]] | [[Category:Vascular diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | [[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Smoking-related diseases]] | [[Category:Smoking-related diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Revision as of 19:49, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Thromboangiitis obliterans | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Buerger's disease |
| Pronounce | |
| Specialty | Vascular surgery, Rheumatology |
| Symptoms | Claudication, Raynaud's phenomenon, ischemic ulcers |
| Complications | Gangrene, amputation |
| Onset | Young adults, typically males |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Tobacco smoking |
| Risks | Smoking, male gender, age 20-40 |
| Diagnosis | Angiography, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Atherosclerosis, Raynaud's disease, scleroderma |
| Prevention | Smoking cessation |
| Treatment | Smoking cessation, vasodilators, surgical intervention |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on smoking cessation |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Thromboangiitis Obliterans, also known as Buerger's disease, is a rare inflammatory vascular disorder. It primarily affects small and medium-sized arteries and veins in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow to these areas.
Pathophysiology
Thromboangiitis Obliterans is characterized by inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) within the blood vessels, which can lead to vessel blockage. This obstruction hampers blood flow, causing ischemia and pain in the affected limbs.
Epidemiology
The disease is more prevalent in men aged 20-40 and is strongly associated with tobacco use, including smoking and chewing tobacco. It is more common in certain regions, including Southeast Asia and the Middle East.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Thromboangiitis Obliterans include:
- Pain and weakness in the affected limbs.
- Claudication (pain induced by exercise).
- Ulcers or gangrene in severe cases.
- Raynaud's phenomenon, where fingers and toes turn white or blue in response to cold temperatures or stress.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical assessment, medical history (particularly tobacco use), and diagnostic tests such as:
- Angiography to visualize blood flow in arteries.
- Blood tests to rule out other conditions.
- Doppler ultrasound studies of the affected limbs.
Treatment
There is no cure for Thromboangiitis Obliterans, but treatment focuses on symptom management and slowing disease progression. Key aspects include:
- Cessation of tobacco use in all forms.
- Medications to improve blood flow or manage pain.
- In severe cases, surgical options like angioplasty or amputation may be considered.
Prognosis
The prognosis for patients with Thromboangiitis Obliterans varies. Tobacco cessation can significantly improve symptoms and halt disease progression. Without management, the disease can lead to severe complications.
Prevention
The primary preventive measure is avoiding tobacco use. Early diagnosis and treatment can also prevent disease progression.
See Also
References
<references>
- ,
Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger's Disease), Circulation, 2017,
Buerger's Disease(link). {{{website}}}. Mayo Clinic.
</references>
