Unicentric Castleman disease: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Unicentric Castleman disease | |||
| image = [[File:Castleman_disease_-_high_mag.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Micrograph of Castleman disease, hyaline vascular type, showing the characteristic features. | |||
| field = [[Hematology]] | |||
| synonyms = Giant lymph node hyperplasia, angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia | |||
| symptoms = [[Lymphadenopathy]], [[fever]], [[fatigue]], [[night sweats]], [[weight loss]] | |||
| complications = [[Infection]], [[anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]] | |||
| onset = Typically in [[adulthood]] | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = Unknown, possibly related to [[immune system]] dysregulation | |||
| risks = None specifically identified | |||
| diagnosis = [[Biopsy]] of affected lymph node | |||
| differential = [[Lymphoma]], [[tuberculosis]], [[sarcoidosis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical excision]] of the affected lymph node | |||
| medication = None specific, supportive care as needed | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Unicentric Castleman disease''' (UCD) is a rare, non-cancerous disorder characterized by the overgrowth of cells in a single [[lymph node]] or a single group of lymph nodes. It is one of the two major types of [[Castleman disease]], the other being [[Multicentric Castleman disease]] (MCD). | |||
==Presentation== | ==Presentation== | ||
Patients with Unicentric Castleman disease often present with an enlarged lymph node, which may be discovered incidentally during imaging studies or physical examination. Unlike Multicentric Castleman disease, UCD typically does not cause systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, or weight loss. However, the enlarged lymph node can cause local symptoms depending on its location, such as pain or pressure on nearby structures. | Patients with Unicentric Castleman disease often present with an enlarged lymph node, which may be discovered incidentally during imaging studies or physical examination. Unlike Multicentric Castleman disease, UCD typically does not cause systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, or weight loss. However, the enlarged lymph node can cause local symptoms depending on its location, such as pain or pressure on nearby structures. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
The exact cause of Unicentric Castleman disease is not well understood. It is believed to involve an abnormal immune response that leads to the overproduction of certain proteins, such as [[interleukin-6]] (IL-6), which in turn causes the lymph node to enlarge. Unlike MCD, UCD is not associated with [[human herpesvirus 8]] (HHV-8) or [[HIV]] infection. | The exact cause of Unicentric Castleman disease is not well understood. It is believed to involve an abnormal immune response that leads to the overproduction of certain proteins, such as [[interleukin-6]] (IL-6), which in turn causes the lymph node to enlarge. Unlike MCD, UCD is not associated with [[human herpesvirus 8]] (HHV-8) or [[HIV]] infection. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of Unicentric Castleman disease is typically made through a combination of imaging studies, such as [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]], and a biopsy of the affected lymph node. Histological examination of the biopsy sample reveals characteristic features such as abnormal lymphoid follicles and increased vascularity. | The diagnosis of Unicentric Castleman disease is typically made through a combination of imaging studies, such as [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]], and a biopsy of the affected lymph node. Histological examination of the biopsy sample reveals characteristic features such as abnormal lymphoid follicles and increased vascularity. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The primary treatment for Unicentric Castleman disease is surgical removal of the affected lymph node. Surgery is usually curative, and most patients do not require additional treatment. In cases where surgery is not feasible, other treatments such as [[radiation therapy]] or [[corticosteroids]] may be considered. | The primary treatment for Unicentric Castleman disease is surgical removal of the affected lymph node. Surgery is usually curative, and most patients do not require additional treatment. In cases where surgery is not feasible, other treatments such as [[radiation therapy]] or [[corticosteroids]] may be considered. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for patients with Unicentric Castleman disease is generally excellent, especially when the affected lymph node is completely removed. Recurrence is rare, and most patients do not experience long-term complications. | The prognosis for patients with Unicentric Castleman disease is generally excellent, especially when the affected lymph node is completely removed. Recurrence is rare, and most patients do not experience long-term complications. | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Castleman disease]] | * [[Castleman disease]] | ||
* [[Multicentric Castleman disease]] | * [[Multicentric Castleman disease]] | ||
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* [[Corticosteroids]] | * [[Corticosteroids]] | ||
[[Category:Diseases]] | [[Category:Diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Lymphatic system disorders]] | [[Category:Lymphatic system disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
{{Disease-stub}} | {{Disease-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:47, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Unicentric Castleman disease | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Giant lymph node hyperplasia, angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Lymphadenopathy, fever, fatigue, night sweats, weight loss |
| Complications | Infection, anemia, thrombocytopenia |
| Onset | Typically in adulthood |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown, possibly related to immune system dysregulation |
| Risks | None specifically identified |
| Diagnosis | Biopsy of affected lymph node |
| Differential diagnosis | Lymphoma, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgical excision of the affected lymph node |
| Medication | None specific, supportive care as needed |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Unicentric Castleman disease (UCD) is a rare, non-cancerous disorder characterized by the overgrowth of cells in a single lymph node or a single group of lymph nodes. It is one of the two major types of Castleman disease, the other being Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD).
Presentation[edit]
Patients with Unicentric Castleman disease often present with an enlarged lymph node, which may be discovered incidentally during imaging studies or physical examination. Unlike Multicentric Castleman disease, UCD typically does not cause systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, or weight loss. However, the enlarged lymph node can cause local symptoms depending on its location, such as pain or pressure on nearby structures.
Pathophysiology[edit]
The exact cause of Unicentric Castleman disease is not well understood. It is believed to involve an abnormal immune response that leads to the overproduction of certain proteins, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), which in turn causes the lymph node to enlarge. Unlike MCD, UCD is not associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) or HIV infection.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of Unicentric Castleman disease is typically made through a combination of imaging studies, such as CT scan or MRI, and a biopsy of the affected lymph node. Histological examination of the biopsy sample reveals characteristic features such as abnormal lymphoid follicles and increased vascularity.
Treatment[edit]
The primary treatment for Unicentric Castleman disease is surgical removal of the affected lymph node. Surgery is usually curative, and most patients do not require additional treatment. In cases where surgery is not feasible, other treatments such as radiation therapy or corticosteroids may be considered.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for patients with Unicentric Castleman disease is generally excellent, especially when the affected lymph node is completely removed. Recurrence is rare, and most patients do not experience long-term complications.
See also[edit]
- Castleman disease
- Multicentric Castleman disease
- Lymph node
- Interleukin-6
- CT scan
- MRI
- Radiation therapy
- Corticosteroids
