Myxoma: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Atrial_myxoma_high_mag.jpg| | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Myxoma | |||
| image = [[File:Atrial_myxoma_high_mag.jpg|alt=High magnification micrograph of an atrial myxoma]] | |||
| caption = High magnification micrograph of an atrial myxoma | |||
| field = [[Cardiology]], [[Oncology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = [[Dyspnea]], [[palpitations]], [[syncope]], [[embolism]] | |||
| complications = [[Stroke]], [[heart failure]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = [[Atrial myxoma]], [[ventricular myxoma]] | |||
| causes = | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Echocardiography]], [[MRI]], [[CT scan]] | |||
| differential = [[Thrombus]], [[endocarditis]], [[cardiac sarcoma]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical resection]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
A '''myxoma''' is a type of [[benign tumor]] that arises from [[connective tissue]]. It is characterized by its gelatinous appearance and is most commonly found in the [[heart]], specifically in the [[atria]]. Myxomas are the most common type of primary [[cardiac tumor]] in adults. | A '''myxoma''' is a type of [[benign tumor]] that arises from [[connective tissue]]. It is characterized by its gelatinous appearance and is most commonly found in the [[heart]], specifically in the [[atria]]. Myxomas are the most common type of primary [[cardiac tumor]] in adults. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Myxomas are relatively rare, with an incidence of approximately 0.5 per million people per year. They are more commonly diagnosed in women than in men and typically occur in individuals aged 30 to 60 years. | Myxomas are relatively rare, with an incidence of approximately 0.5 per million people per year. They are more commonly diagnosed in women than in men and typically occur in individuals aged 30 to 60 years. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Myxomas are composed of stellate or globular myxoma cells embedded in a myxoid stroma. They often have a gelatinous consistency due to the presence of abundant [[mucopolysaccharides]]. These tumors can vary in size and may be pedunculated, meaning they are attached to the endocardium by a stalk. | Myxomas are composed of stellate or globular myxoma cells embedded in a myxoid stroma. They often have a gelatinous consistency due to the presence of abundant [[mucopolysaccharides]]. These tumors can vary in size and may be pedunculated, meaning they are attached to the endocardium by a stalk. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Patients with myxomas may present with a variety of symptoms, depending on the size and location of the tumor. Common symptoms include: | Patients with myxomas may present with a variety of symptoms, depending on the size and location of the tumor. Common symptoms include: | ||
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* [[Embolism]] (if tumor fragments break off and travel through the bloodstream) | * [[Embolism]] (if tumor fragments break off and travel through the bloodstream) | ||
* [[Constitutional symptoms]] such as fever, weight loss, and fatigue | * [[Constitutional symptoms]] such as fever, weight loss, and fatigue | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of a myxoma is typically made using [[echocardiography]], which can visualize the tumor within the heart. Other imaging modalities such as [[MRI]] and [[CT scan]] can also be used to further characterize the tumor. | The diagnosis of a myxoma is typically made using [[echocardiography]], which can visualize the tumor within the heart. Other imaging modalities such as [[MRI]] and [[CT scan]] can also be used to further characterize the tumor. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The primary treatment for myxoma is surgical resection. This involves the removal of the tumor, often through an open-heart surgical procedure. The prognosis after surgical removal is generally good, although there is a risk of recurrence. | The primary treatment for myxoma is surgical resection. This involves the removal of the tumor, often through an open-heart surgical procedure. The prognosis after surgical removal is generally good, although there is a risk of recurrence. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for patients with myxoma is generally favorable following surgical removal. However, regular follow-up is necessary to monitor for potential recurrence. | The prognosis for patients with myxoma is generally favorable following surgical removal. However, regular follow-up is necessary to monitor for potential recurrence. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Cardiac tumor]] | * [[Cardiac tumor]] | ||
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* [[Echocardiography]] | * [[Echocardiography]] | ||
* [[Surgical resection]] | * [[Surgical resection]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category|Myxoma}} | {{Commons category|Myxoma}} | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Oncology]] | [[Category:Oncology]] | ||
[[Category:Pathology]] | [[Category:Pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Benign neoplasms]] | [[Category:Benign neoplasms]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:10, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Myxoma | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Dyspnea, palpitations, syncope, embolism |
| Complications | Stroke, heart failure |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | Atrial myxoma, ventricular myxoma |
| Causes | |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Echocardiography, MRI, CT scan |
| Differential diagnosis | Thrombus, endocarditis, cardiac sarcoma |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Surgical resection |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | |
A myxoma is a type of benign tumor that arises from connective tissue. It is characterized by its gelatinous appearance and is most commonly found in the heart, specifically in the atria. Myxomas are the most common type of primary cardiac tumor in adults.
Epidemiology[edit]
Myxomas are relatively rare, with an incidence of approximately 0.5 per million people per year. They are more commonly diagnosed in women than in men and typically occur in individuals aged 30 to 60 years.
Pathophysiology[edit]
Myxomas are composed of stellate or globular myxoma cells embedded in a myxoid stroma. They often have a gelatinous consistency due to the presence of abundant mucopolysaccharides. These tumors can vary in size and may be pedunculated, meaning they are attached to the endocardium by a stalk.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Patients with myxomas may present with a variety of symptoms, depending on the size and location of the tumor. Common symptoms include:
- Dyspnea (shortness of breath)
- Palpitations
- Syncope (fainting)
- Embolism (if tumor fragments break off and travel through the bloodstream)
- Constitutional symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and fatigue
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of a myxoma is typically made using echocardiography, which can visualize the tumor within the heart. Other imaging modalities such as MRI and CT scan can also be used to further characterize the tumor.
Treatment[edit]
The primary treatment for myxoma is surgical resection. This involves the removal of the tumor, often through an open-heart surgical procedure. The prognosis after surgical removal is generally good, although there is a risk of recurrence.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for patients with myxoma is generally favorable following surgical removal. However, regular follow-up is necessary to monitor for potential recurrence.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
External links[edit]
