Knee arthritis: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
[[File:Blausen_0597_KneeAnatomy_Side.png| | | name = Knee arthritis | ||
| image = [[File:Blausen_0597_KneeAnatomy_Side.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Diagram of the knee joint | |||
| field = [[Rheumatology]], [[Orthopedics]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Joint pain]], [[stiffness]], [[swelling]] | |||
| complications = [[Reduced mobility]], [[joint deformity]] | |||
| onset = Gradual | |||
| duration = Long-term | |||
| types = [[Osteoarthritis]], [[Rheumatoid arthritis]], [[Post-traumatic arthritis]] | |||
| causes = [[Age]], [[obesity]], [[joint injury]], [[genetics]] | |||
| risks = [[Age]], [[obesity]], [[previous joint injury]], [[family history]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[X-ray]], [[MRI]] | |||
| differential = [[Bursitis]], [[tendonitis]], [[gout]] | |||
| prevention = [[Weight management]], [[exercise]], [[joint protection]] | |||
| treatment = [[Physical therapy]], [[medication]], [[surgery]] | |||
| medication = [[NSAIDs]], [[corticosteroids]], [[analgesics]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on severity and treatment | |||
| frequency = Common, especially in older adults | |||
}} | |||
'''Knee arthritis''' is a degenerative joint disease that affects the knee joint, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. It is one of the most common forms of [[arthritis]] and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. | '''Knee arthritis''' is a degenerative joint disease that affects the knee joint, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. It is one of the most common forms of [[arthritis]] and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. | ||
== Anatomy of the Knee == | == Anatomy of the Knee == | ||
The [[knee joint]] is a complex structure that connects the [[femur]] (thigh bone) to the [[tibia]] (shin bone). The [[patella]] (kneecap) sits in front of the joint to provide protection. The ends of these bones are covered with [[articular cartilage]], which allows smooth movement and acts as a cushion to absorb shock. | The [[knee joint]] is a complex structure that connects the [[femur]] (thigh bone) to the [[tibia]] (shin bone). The [[patella]] (kneecap) sits in front of the joint to provide protection. The ends of these bones are covered with [[articular cartilage]], which allows smooth movement and acts as a cushion to absorb shock. | ||
== Types of Knee Arthritis == | == Types of Knee Arthritis == | ||
There are several types of arthritis that can affect the knee: | There are several types of arthritis that can affect the knee: | ||
=== Osteoarthritis === | === Osteoarthritis === | ||
[[Osteoarthritis]] is the most common form of knee arthritis. It is a degenerative condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. As the cartilage wears away, bones begin to rub against each other, causing pain and stiffness. | [[Osteoarthritis]] is the most common form of knee arthritis. It is a degenerative condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. As the cartilage wears away, bones begin to rub against each other, causing pain and stiffness. | ||
=== Rheumatoid Arthritis === | === Rheumatoid Arthritis === | ||
[[Rheumatoid arthritis]] is an autoimmune disease that can affect the knee joint. It causes inflammation of the synovial membrane, leading to pain and swelling. Over time, it can damage the cartilage and bone within the joint. | [[Rheumatoid arthritis]] is an autoimmune disease that can affect the knee joint. It causes inflammation of the synovial membrane, leading to pain and swelling. Over time, it can damage the cartilage and bone within the joint. | ||
=== Post-Traumatic Arthritis === | === Post-Traumatic Arthritis === | ||
Post-traumatic arthritis can develop after an injury to the knee, such as a fracture or ligament tear. The injury can cause damage to the cartilage, leading to arthritis over time. | Post-traumatic arthritis can develop after an injury to the knee, such as a fracture or ligament tear. The injury can cause damage to the cartilage, leading to arthritis over time. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Common symptoms of knee arthritis include: | Common symptoms of knee arthritis include: | ||
* Pain and tenderness in the knee | * Pain and tenderness in the knee | ||
* Swelling and inflammation | * Swelling and inflammation | ||
| Line 34: | Line 38: | ||
* Reduced range of motion | * Reduced range of motion | ||
* A grating sensation or popping sounds during movement | * A grating sensation or popping sounds during movement | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of knee arthritis typically involves a combination of: | Diagnosis of knee arthritis typically involves a combination of: | ||
* Medical history and physical examination | * Medical history and physical examination | ||
* Imaging tests such as [[X-ray]] or [[MRI]] to assess joint damage | * Imaging tests such as [[X-ray]] or [[MRI]] to assess joint damage | ||
* Laboratory tests to rule out other types of arthritis | * Laboratory tests to rule out other types of arthritis | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for knee arthritis aims to relieve symptoms and improve function. Options include: | Treatment for knee arthritis aims to relieve symptoms and improve function. Options include: | ||
* [[Physical therapy]] to strengthen muscles around the knee | * [[Physical therapy]] to strengthen muscles around the knee | ||
* Medications such as [[NSAIDs]] to reduce pain and inflammation | * Medications such as [[NSAIDs]] to reduce pain and inflammation | ||
* Corticosteroid injections for severe inflammation | * Corticosteroid injections for severe inflammation | ||
* [[Surgery]], such as [[knee replacement]], for advanced cases | * [[Surgery]], such as [[knee replacement]], for advanced cases | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Preventive measures for knee arthritis include: | Preventive measures for knee arthritis include: | ||
* Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knee joint | * Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knee joint | ||
* Regular exercise to strengthen muscles and improve flexibility | * Regular exercise to strengthen muscles and improve flexibility | ||
* Avoiding high-impact activities that can damage the knee | * Avoiding high-impact activities that can damage the knee | ||
== See also == | |||
== | |||
* [[Arthritis]] | * [[Arthritis]] | ||
* [[Osteoarthritis]] | * [[Osteoarthritis]] | ||
* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]] | * [[Rheumatoid arthritis]] | ||
* [[Knee replacement]] | * [[Knee replacement]] | ||
{{Arthritis}} | {{Arthritis}} | ||
[[Category:Arthritis]] | [[Category:Arthritis]] | ||
[[Category:Knee]] | [[Category:Knee]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:07, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Knee arthritis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Joint pain, stiffness, swelling |
| Complications | Reduced mobility, joint deformity |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Types | Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Post-traumatic arthritis |
| Causes | Age, obesity, joint injury, genetics |
| Risks | Age, obesity, previous joint injury, family history |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, X-ray, MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Bursitis, tendonitis, gout |
| Prevention | Weight management, exercise, joint protection |
| Treatment | Physical therapy, medication, surgery |
| Medication | NSAIDs, corticosteroids, analgesics |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on severity and treatment |
| Frequency | Common, especially in older adults |
| Deaths | N/A |
Knee arthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects the knee joint, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. It is one of the most common forms of arthritis and can significantly impact a person's quality of life.
Anatomy of the Knee[edit]
The knee joint is a complex structure that connects the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone). The patella (kneecap) sits in front of the joint to provide protection. The ends of these bones are covered with articular cartilage, which allows smooth movement and acts as a cushion to absorb shock.
Types of Knee Arthritis[edit]
There are several types of arthritis that can affect the knee:
Osteoarthritis[edit]
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of knee arthritis. It is a degenerative condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. As the cartilage wears away, bones begin to rub against each other, causing pain and stiffness.
Rheumatoid Arthritis[edit]
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can affect the knee joint. It causes inflammation of the synovial membrane, leading to pain and swelling. Over time, it can damage the cartilage and bone within the joint.
Post-Traumatic Arthritis[edit]
Post-traumatic arthritis can develop after an injury to the knee, such as a fracture or ligament tear. The injury can cause damage to the cartilage, leading to arthritis over time.
Symptoms[edit]
Common symptoms of knee arthritis include:
- Pain and tenderness in the knee
- Swelling and inflammation
- Stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting for long periods
- Reduced range of motion
- A grating sensation or popping sounds during movement
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of knee arthritis typically involves a combination of:
- Medical history and physical examination
- Imaging tests such as X-ray or MRI to assess joint damage
- Laboratory tests to rule out other types of arthritis
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for knee arthritis aims to relieve symptoms and improve function. Options include:
- Physical therapy to strengthen muscles around the knee
- Medications such as NSAIDs to reduce pain and inflammation
- Corticosteroid injections for severe inflammation
- Surgery, such as knee replacement, for advanced cases
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures for knee arthritis include:
- Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knee joint
- Regular exercise to strengthen muscles and improve flexibility
- Avoiding high-impact activities that can damage the knee
See also[edit]
| Arthritis and related conditions | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
