Orchitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Orchitis | |||
| image = [[File:Ultrasonography_of_orchitis.jpg|thumb|Ultrasonography of orchitis]] | |||
| caption = Ultrasonography showing orchitis | |||
| field = [[Urology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| pronunciation = | |||
| symptoms = [[Testicular pain]], [[swelling]], [[fever]] | |||
| complications = [[Infertility]], [[testicular atrophy]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = [[Bacterial infection]], [[viral infection]] (e.g., [[mumps]]) | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[ultrasound]], [[urinalysis]] | |||
| differential = [[Testicular torsion]], [[epididymitis]] | |||
| prevention = [[Vaccination]] (e.g., [[MMR vaccine]]), safe sexual practices | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]], [[pain management]], [[supportive care]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|Inflammation of the testes}} | {{Short description|Inflammation of the testes}} | ||
'''Orchitis''' is an inflammation of one or both [[testes]], often caused by infection. It can result in pain, swelling, and a feeling of heaviness in the affected testicle. Orchitis can occur in conjunction with [[epididymitis]], which is inflammation of the [[epididymis]], and this condition is known as epididymo-orchitis. | '''Orchitis''' is an inflammation of one or both [[testes]], often caused by infection. It can result in pain, swelling, and a feeling of heaviness in the affected testicle. Orchitis can occur in conjunction with [[epididymitis]], which is inflammation of the [[epididymis]], and this condition is known as epididymo-orchitis. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Orchitis is most commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections. The most frequent bacterial cause is the spread of a [[urinary tract infection]] or a [[sexually transmitted infection]] (STI), such as [[gonorrhea]] or [[chlamydia]]. Viral orchitis is often associated with the [[mumps]] virus, particularly in post-pubertal males. | Orchitis is most commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections. The most frequent bacterial cause is the spread of a [[urinary tract infection]] or a [[sexually transmitted infection]] (STI), such as [[gonorrhea]] or [[chlamydia]]. Viral orchitis is often associated with the [[mumps]] virus, particularly in post-pubertal males. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of orchitis can include: | The symptoms of orchitis can include: | ||
| Line 17: | Line 35: | ||
* Nausea | * Nausea | ||
* General feeling of being unwell | * General feeling of being unwell | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of orchitis typically involves a physical examination and a review of symptoms. [[Ultrasonography]] is a key diagnostic tool used to assess the condition of the testes and to rule out other conditions such as [[testicular torsion]]. Blood tests and urine tests may also be conducted to identify the presence of infection. | Diagnosis of orchitis typically involves a physical examination and a review of symptoms. [[Ultrasonography]] is a key diagnostic tool used to assess the condition of the testes and to rule out other conditions such as [[testicular torsion]]. Blood tests and urine tests may also be conducted to identify the presence of infection. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for orchitis depends on the underlying cause. Bacterial orchitis is treated with antibiotics, while viral orchitis may require supportive care, such as pain relief and rest. In some cases, hospitalization may be necessary if the condition is severe. | Treatment for orchitis depends on the underlying cause. Bacterial orchitis is treated with antibiotics, while viral orchitis may require supportive care, such as pain relief and rest. In some cases, hospitalization may be necessary if the condition is severe. | ||
== Complications == | == Complications == | ||
If left untreated, orchitis can lead to complications such as: | If left untreated, orchitis can lead to complications such as: | ||
| Line 29: | Line 44: | ||
* [[Infertility]], particularly if both testicles are affected | * [[Infertility]], particularly if both testicles are affected | ||
* Chronic pain | * Chronic pain | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Preventive measures for orchitis include practicing safe sex to reduce the risk of STIs and ensuring vaccination against mumps. Regular medical check-ups can also help in early detection and treatment of infections that could lead to orchitis. | Preventive measures for orchitis include practicing safe sex to reduce the risk of STIs and ensuring vaccination against mumps. Regular medical check-ups can also help in early detection and treatment of infections that could lead to orchitis. | ||
== See Also == | |||
== | |||
* [[Epididymitis]] | * [[Epididymitis]] | ||
* [[Testicular torsion]] | * [[Testicular torsion]] | ||
* [[Mumps]] | * [[Mumps]] | ||
* [[Sexually transmitted infection]] | * [[Sexually transmitted infection]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammatory diseases of male genital organs]] | [[Category:Inflammatory diseases of male genital organs]] | ||
Latest revision as of 07:21, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Orchitis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Testicular pain, swelling, fever |
| Complications | Infertility, testicular atrophy |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Bacterial infection, viral infection (e.g., mumps) |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, ultrasound, urinalysis |
| Differential diagnosis | Testicular torsion, epididymitis |
| Prevention | Vaccination (e.g., MMR vaccine), safe sexual practices |
| Treatment | Antibiotics, pain management, supportive care |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Inflammation of the testes
Orchitis is an inflammation of one or both testes, often caused by infection. It can result in pain, swelling, and a feeling of heaviness in the affected testicle. Orchitis can occur in conjunction with epididymitis, which is inflammation of the epididymis, and this condition is known as epididymo-orchitis.
Causes[edit]
Orchitis is most commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections. The most frequent bacterial cause is the spread of a urinary tract infection or a sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as gonorrhea or chlamydia. Viral orchitis is often associated with the mumps virus, particularly in post-pubertal males.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of orchitis can include:
- Swelling in one or both testicles
- Pain ranging from mild to severe
- Tenderness in the affected area
- Fever
- Nausea
- General feeling of being unwell
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of orchitis typically involves a physical examination and a review of symptoms. Ultrasonography is a key diagnostic tool used to assess the condition of the testes and to rule out other conditions such as testicular torsion. Blood tests and urine tests may also be conducted to identify the presence of infection.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for orchitis depends on the underlying cause. Bacterial orchitis is treated with antibiotics, while viral orchitis may require supportive care, such as pain relief and rest. In some cases, hospitalization may be necessary if the condition is severe.
Complications[edit]
If left untreated, orchitis can lead to complications such as:
- Testicular atrophy, where the affected testicle shrinks
- Infertility, particularly if both testicles are affected
- Chronic pain
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures for orchitis include practicing safe sex to reduce the risk of STIs and ensuring vaccination against mumps. Regular medical check-ups can also help in early detection and treatment of infections that could lead to orchitis.
