Recurrent miscarriage: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Recurrent miscarriage | |||
| image = [[File:Pie_chart_of_causes_of_recurrent_miscarriage.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Pie chart of causes of recurrent miscarriage | |||
| field = [[Obstetrics]] | |||
| synonyms = Habitual abortion | |||
| symptoms = [[Miscarriage]] occurring in three or more consecutive pregnancies | |||
| complications = [[Infertility]], [[emotional distress]] | |||
| onset = Reproductive age | |||
| duration = Varies | |||
| types = Primary, Secondary | |||
| causes = Genetic, Anatomical, Endocrine, Immunological, Infectious, Environmental | |||
| risks = Advanced maternal age, Previous miscarriages | |||
| diagnosis = [[Medical history]], [[Ultrasound]], [[Blood tests]] | |||
| differential = [[Ectopic pregnancy]], [[Molar pregnancy]] | |||
| prevention = Depends on underlying cause | |||
| treatment = Depends on underlying cause; may include [[surgery]], [[medication]], [[lifestyle changes]] | |||
| medication = [[Progesterone]], [[Aspirin]], [[Heparin]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies | |||
| frequency = Affects 1% of couples trying to conceive | |||
}} | |||
'''Recurrent miscarriage''' is a medical condition characterized by the loss of two or more pregnancies before the 20th week of gestation. It affects approximately 1% of couples trying to conceive. | '''Recurrent miscarriage''' is a medical condition characterized by the loss of two or more pregnancies before the 20th week of gestation. It affects approximately 1% of couples trying to conceive. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The causes of recurrent miscarriage are diverse and often unknown. They can include genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, uterine abnormalities, and immune system disorders. In some cases, lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity can also contribute to recurrent miscarriage. | The causes of recurrent miscarriage are diverse and often unknown. They can include genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, uterine abnormalities, and immune system disorders. In some cases, lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity can also contribute to recurrent miscarriage. | ||
=== Genetic factors === | === Genetic factors === | ||
[[Genetic factors]] are believed to be the cause of recurrent miscarriage in about 50% of cases. This can include chromosomal abnormalities in either the mother or father, or in the embryo itself. | [[Genetic factors]] are believed to be the cause of recurrent miscarriage in about 50% of cases. This can include chromosomal abnormalities in either the mother or father, or in the embryo itself. | ||
=== Hormonal imbalances === | === Hormonal imbalances === | ||
[[Hormonal imbalances]], particularly of progesterone and hCG, can prevent the uterus from being able to support a pregnancy. This can result in a miscarriage. | [[Hormonal imbalances]], particularly of progesterone and hCG, can prevent the uterus from being able to support a pregnancy. This can result in a miscarriage. | ||
=== Uterine abnormalities === | === Uterine abnormalities === | ||
[[Uterine abnormalities]], such as fibroids or an abnormally shaped uterus, can make it difficult for an embryo to implant and grow. | [[Uterine abnormalities]], such as fibroids or an abnormally shaped uterus, can make it difficult for an embryo to implant and grow. | ||
=== Immune system disorders === | === Immune system disorders === | ||
Certain [[immune system disorders]], such as antiphospholipid syndrome, can increase the risk of miscarriage. In these cases, the immune system mistakenly attacks normal cells in the body, including those in the developing fetus. | Certain [[immune system disorders]], such as antiphospholipid syndrome, can increase the risk of miscarriage. In these cases, the immune system mistakenly attacks normal cells in the body, including those in the developing fetus. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of recurrent miscarriage typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as a variety of tests to identify any potential underlying causes. These can include blood tests, imaging studies, and genetic testing. | Diagnosis of recurrent miscarriage typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as a variety of tests to identify any potential underlying causes. These can include blood tests, imaging studies, and genetic testing. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for recurrent miscarriage depends on the underlying cause. It can include medication, surgery, or interventions to address lifestyle factors. In some cases, no specific treatment is available, and couples may choose to continue trying to conceive naturally or consider options such as [[in vitro fertilization]] (IVF) or [[surrogacy]]. | Treatment for recurrent miscarriage depends on the underlying cause. It can include medication, surgery, or interventions to address lifestyle factors. In some cases, no specific treatment is available, and couples may choose to continue trying to conceive naturally or consider options such as [[in vitro fertilization]] (IVF) or [[surrogacy]]. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Miscarriage]] | * [[Miscarriage]] | ||
* [[Pregnancy loss]] | * [[Pregnancy loss]] | ||
* [[Infertility]] | * [[Infertility]] | ||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | [[Category:Obstetrics]] | ||
[[Category:Gynecology]] | [[Category:Gynecology]] | ||
[[Category:Women's health]] | [[Category:Women's health]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 06:18, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Recurrent miscarriage | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Habitual abortion |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Miscarriage occurring in three or more consecutive pregnancies |
| Complications | Infertility, emotional distress |
| Onset | Reproductive age |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | Primary, Secondary |
| Causes | Genetic, Anatomical, Endocrine, Immunological, Infectious, Environmental |
| Risks | Advanced maternal age, Previous miscarriages |
| Diagnosis | Medical history, Ultrasound, Blood tests |
| Differential diagnosis | Ectopic pregnancy, Molar pregnancy |
| Prevention | Depends on underlying cause |
| Treatment | Depends on underlying cause; may include surgery, medication, lifestyle changes |
| Medication | Progesterone, Aspirin, Heparin |
| Prognosis | Varies |
| Frequency | Affects 1% of couples trying to conceive |
| Deaths | N/A |
Recurrent miscarriage is a medical condition characterized by the loss of two or more pregnancies before the 20th week of gestation. It affects approximately 1% of couples trying to conceive.
Causes[edit]
The causes of recurrent miscarriage are diverse and often unknown. They can include genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, uterine abnormalities, and immune system disorders. In some cases, lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity can also contribute to recurrent miscarriage.
Genetic factors[edit]
Genetic factors are believed to be the cause of recurrent miscarriage in about 50% of cases. This can include chromosomal abnormalities in either the mother or father, or in the embryo itself.
Hormonal imbalances[edit]
Hormonal imbalances, particularly of progesterone and hCG, can prevent the uterus from being able to support a pregnancy. This can result in a miscarriage.
Uterine abnormalities[edit]
Uterine abnormalities, such as fibroids or an abnormally shaped uterus, can make it difficult for an embryo to implant and grow.
Immune system disorders[edit]
Certain immune system disorders, such as antiphospholipid syndrome, can increase the risk of miscarriage. In these cases, the immune system mistakenly attacks normal cells in the body, including those in the developing fetus.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of recurrent miscarriage typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as a variety of tests to identify any potential underlying causes. These can include blood tests, imaging studies, and genetic testing.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for recurrent miscarriage depends on the underlying cause. It can include medication, surgery, or interventions to address lifestyle factors. In some cases, no specific treatment is available, and couples may choose to continue trying to conceive naturally or consider options such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or surrogacy.
