Oligohydramnios: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
[[File: | | name = Oligohydramnios | ||
| image = [[File:Human_fetus_10_weeks_with_amniotic_sac_-_therapeutic_abortion.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Human fetus with amniotic sac | |||
| field = [[Obstetrics]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = Decreased [[amniotic fluid]] volume | |||
| complications = [[Pulmonary hypoplasia]], [[limb deformities]], [[facial deformities]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| causes = [[Premature rupture of membranes]], [[placental insufficiency]], [[fetal renal agenesis]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Ultrasound]] | |||
| differential = [[Anhydramnios]], [[polyhydramnios]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Amnioinfusion]], [[maternal hydration]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Depends on cause and severity | |||
| frequency = | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
'''Oligohydramnios''' is a condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid. It can occur at any time during pregnancy, but is most common in the last trimester. It can lead to complications in pregnancy and is associated with increased risks of [[Preterm birth|preterm births]], [[Intrauterine growth restriction|intrauterine growth restriction]], and [[Congenital disorders|congenital disorders]]. | '''Oligohydramnios''' is a condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid. It can occur at any time during pregnancy, but is most common in the last trimester. It can lead to complications in pregnancy and is associated with increased risks of [[Preterm birth|preterm births]], [[Intrauterine growth restriction|intrauterine growth restriction]], and [[Congenital disorders|congenital disorders]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Oligohydramnios can be caused by a variety of factors, including: | Oligohydramnios can be caused by a variety of factors, including: | ||
* [[Placental insufficiency|Placental problems]]: The placenta provides the baby with nutrients and oxygen. If it's not functioning properly, it can lead to a decrease in amniotic fluid. | * [[Placental insufficiency|Placental problems]]: The placenta provides the baby with nutrients and oxygen. If it's not functioning properly, it can lead to a decrease in amniotic fluid. | ||
* [[Leaking amniotic fluid|Leaking or rupture of membranes]]: This can occur due to a tear in the membranes or a premature rupture. | * [[Leaking amniotic fluid|Leaking or rupture of membranes]]: This can occur due to a tear in the membranes or a premature rupture. | ||
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* [[Medications]]: Certain medications, such as those used to treat high blood pressure, can decrease amniotic fluid levels. | * [[Medications]]: Certain medications, such as those used to treat high blood pressure, can decrease amniotic fluid levels. | ||
* [[Birth defects]]: Problems with the baby's kidneys or urinary tract can affect the amount of amniotic fluid. | * [[Birth defects]]: Problems with the baby's kidneys or urinary tract can affect the amount of amniotic fluid. | ||
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Oligohydramnios is typically diagnosed through an [[Ultrasound|ultrasound]], which can measure the amount of amniotic fluid, and a physical exam. Other tests may include: | Oligohydramnios is typically diagnosed through an [[Ultrasound|ultrasound]], which can measure the amount of amniotic fluid, and a physical exam. Other tests may include: | ||
* [[Amniocentesis]]: A sample of amniotic fluid is taken and tested. | * [[Amniocentesis]]: A sample of amniotic fluid is taken and tested. | ||
* [[Biophysical profile]]: This test combines an ultrasound with a nonstress test to assess the baby's health. | * [[Biophysical profile]]: This test combines an ultrasound with a nonstress test to assess the baby's health. | ||
* [[Doppler ultrasound]]: This test uses sound waves to measure the blood flow in the umbilical cord and blood vessels in the baby's brain. | * [[Doppler ultrasound]]: This test uses sound waves to measure the blood flow in the umbilical cord and blood vessels in the baby's brain. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for oligohydramnios depends on the cause and the stage of pregnancy. It may include: | Treatment for oligohydramnios depends on the cause and the stage of pregnancy. It may include: | ||
* [[Amnioinfusion]]: During labor, fluid is inserted into the amniotic sac. | * [[Amnioinfusion]]: During labor, fluid is inserted into the amniotic sac. | ||
* [[Cesarean section]]: If the baby is not doing well or if labor is not progressing, a cesarean section may be performed. | * [[Cesarean section]]: If the baby is not doing well or if labor is not progressing, a cesarean section may be performed. | ||
* [[Delivery]]: If the pregnancy is at or near term, delivery may be the best option. | * [[Delivery]]: If the pregnancy is at or near term, delivery may be the best option. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Polyhydramnios]] | * [[Polyhydramnios]] | ||
* [[Amniotic fluid index]] | * [[Amniotic fluid index]] | ||
* [[Anhydramnios]] | * [[Anhydramnios]] | ||
[[Category:Pregnancy complications]] | [[Category:Pregnancy complications]] | ||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | [[Category:Obstetrics]] | ||
[[Category:Gynaecology]] | [[Category:Gynaecology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:18, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Oligohydramnios | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Decreased amniotic fluid volume |
| Complications | Pulmonary hypoplasia, limb deformities, facial deformities |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Premature rupture of membranes, placental insufficiency, fetal renal agenesis |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Ultrasound |
| Differential diagnosis | Anhydramnios, polyhydramnios |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Amnioinfusion, maternal hydration |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Depends on cause and severity |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Oligohydramnios is a condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid. It can occur at any time during pregnancy, but is most common in the last trimester. It can lead to complications in pregnancy and is associated with increased risks of preterm births, intrauterine growth restriction, and congenital disorders.
Causes[edit]
Oligohydramnios can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Placental problems: The placenta provides the baby with nutrients and oxygen. If it's not functioning properly, it can lead to a decrease in amniotic fluid.
- Leaking or rupture of membranes: This can occur due to a tear in the membranes or a premature rupture.
- Post-term pregnancy: The longer a pregnancy goes beyond 40 weeks, the higher the risk of oligohydramnios.
- Medications: Certain medications, such as those used to treat high blood pressure, can decrease amniotic fluid levels.
- Birth defects: Problems with the baby's kidneys or urinary tract can affect the amount of amniotic fluid.
Diagnosis[edit]
Oligohydramnios is typically diagnosed through an ultrasound, which can measure the amount of amniotic fluid, and a physical exam. Other tests may include:
- Amniocentesis: A sample of amniotic fluid is taken and tested.
- Biophysical profile: This test combines an ultrasound with a nonstress test to assess the baby's health.
- Doppler ultrasound: This test uses sound waves to measure the blood flow in the umbilical cord and blood vessels in the baby's brain.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for oligohydramnios depends on the cause and the stage of pregnancy. It may include:
- Amnioinfusion: During labor, fluid is inserted into the amniotic sac.
- Cesarean section: If the baby is not doing well or if labor is not progressing, a cesarean section may be performed.
- Delivery: If the pregnancy is at or near term, delivery may be the best option.
