Hypereosinophilic syndrome: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
CSV import |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[File:Activated_Eosinophils_in_Idiopathic_Hypereosinophilic_Syndrome_(9125007255).jpg|Activated | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Hypereosinophilic syndrome | |||
| image = [[File:Activated_Eosinophils_in_Idiopathic_Hypereosinophilic_Syndrome_(9125007255).jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Activated eosinophils in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome | |||
| field = [[Hematology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fatigue]], [[cough]], [[dyspnea]], [[rash]], [[fever]], [[weight loss]] | |||
| complications = [[Heart failure]], [[thromboembolism]], [[neuropathy]], [[organ damage]] | |||
| onset = Typically in [[adulthood]] | |||
| duration = [[Chronic (medicine)|Chronic]] | |||
| causes = Often [[idiopathic]], can be associated with [[genetic mutations]] | |||
| risks = [[Male]] gender, [[age]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Blood test]], [[bone marrow biopsy]], [[imaging studies]] | |||
| differential = [[Eosinophilia]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[parasitic infections]] | |||
| treatment = [[Corticosteroids]], [[imatinib]], [[interferon-alpha]], [[hydroxyurea]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on response to treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Hypereosinophilic syndrome''' ('''HES''') is a group of rare blood disorders characterized by the overproduction of [[eosinophils]], a type of white blood cell. This condition can lead to damage in various organs and tissues due to the accumulation of eosinophils. HES is typically diagnosed when a patient has a persistently high eosinophil count (greater than 1,500 eosinophils per microliter of blood) for more than six months without a known cause. | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
HES can be classified into several subtypes based on the underlying cause and clinical presentation: | HES can be classified into several subtypes based on the underlying cause and clinical presentation: | ||
| Line 6: | Line 23: | ||
* '''Lymphocytic HES''' - associated with abnormal [[T cells]] that produce eosinophil-stimulating factors. | * '''Lymphocytic HES''' - associated with abnormal [[T cells]] that produce eosinophil-stimulating factors. | ||
* '''Idiopathic HES''' - where no specific cause can be identified. | * '''Idiopathic HES''' - where no specific cause can be identified. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of HES can vary widely depending on the organs affected. Common symptoms include: | The symptoms of HES can vary widely depending on the organs affected. Common symptoms include: | ||
| Line 16: | Line 32: | ||
* [[Muscle pain]] | * [[Muscle pain]] | ||
* [[Weight loss]] | * [[Weight loss]] | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of HES involves several steps: | The diagnosis of HES involves several steps: | ||
| Line 23: | Line 38: | ||
* Genetic testing to identify mutations such as the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene. | * Genetic testing to identify mutations such as the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene. | ||
* Imaging studies (e.g., [[CT scan]], [[MRI]]) to assess organ involvement. | * Imaging studies (e.g., [[CT scan]], [[MRI]]) to assess organ involvement. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for HES aims to reduce eosinophil levels and prevent organ damage. Common treatments include: | Treatment for HES aims to reduce eosinophil levels and prevent organ damage. Common treatments include: | ||
| Line 30: | Line 44: | ||
* [[Immunosuppressive drugs]] - to control the immune system. | * [[Immunosuppressive drugs]] - to control the immune system. | ||
* [[Interferon-alpha]] - to modulate the immune response. | * [[Interferon-alpha]] - to modulate the immune response. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for HES varies depending on the subtype and response to treatment. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. | The prognosis for HES varies depending on the subtype and response to treatment. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Eosinophilia]] | * [[Eosinophilia]] | ||
* [[Myeloproliferative neoplasms]] | * [[Myeloproliferative neoplasms]] | ||
| Line 40: | Line 52: | ||
* [[Systemic mastocytosis]] | * [[Systemic mastocytosis]] | ||
* [[Autoimmune diseases]] | * [[Autoimmune diseases]] | ||
==Categories== | ==Categories== | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Immune system disorders]] | [[Category:Immune system disorders]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:43, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Hypereosinophilic syndrome | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fatigue, cough, dyspnea, rash, fever, weight loss |
| Complications | Heart failure, thromboembolism, neuropathy, organ damage |
| Onset | Typically in adulthood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Often idiopathic, can be associated with genetic mutations |
| Risks | Male gender, age |
| Diagnosis | Blood test, bone marrow biopsy, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Eosinophilia, Churg-Strauss syndrome, parasitic infections |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Corticosteroids, imatinib, interferon-alpha, hydroxyurea |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on response to treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a group of rare blood disorders characterized by the overproduction of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell. This condition can lead to damage in various organs and tissues due to the accumulation of eosinophils. HES is typically diagnosed when a patient has a persistently high eosinophil count (greater than 1,500 eosinophils per microliter of blood) for more than six months without a known cause.
Classification[edit]
HES can be classified into several subtypes based on the underlying cause and clinical presentation:
- Myeloproliferative HES - associated with genetic mutations such as the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene.
- Lymphocytic HES - associated with abnormal T cells that produce eosinophil-stimulating factors.
- Idiopathic HES - where no specific cause can be identified.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of HES can vary widely depending on the organs affected. Common symptoms include:
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of HES involves several steps:
- Complete blood count (CBC) to measure eosinophil levels.
- Bone marrow biopsy to examine the production of eosinophils.
- Genetic testing to identify mutations such as the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene.
- Imaging studies (e.g., CT scan, MRI) to assess organ involvement.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for HES aims to reduce eosinophil levels and prevent organ damage. Common treatments include:
- Corticosteroids - to reduce inflammation and eosinophil production.
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., imatinib) - particularly effective in cases with the FIP1L1-PDGFRA mutation.
- Immunosuppressive drugs - to control the immune system.
- Interferon-alpha - to modulate the immune response.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for HES varies depending on the subtype and response to treatment. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.
See also[edit]
- Eosinophilia
- Myeloproliferative neoplasms
- Chronic eosinophilic leukemia
- Systemic mastocytosis
- Autoimmune diseases
Categories[edit]
