Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis | |||
| image = [[File:Healthy_Human_T_Cell.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = T cells, which are part of the immune system, can be affected in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis | |||
| field = [[Immunology]] | |||
| synonyms = CMC | |||
| symptoms = Recurrent [[candidiasis]] infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes | |||
| complications = [[Autoimmune disease]], [[endocrinopathy]] | |||
| onset = Childhood or early adulthood | |||
| duration = Long-term | |||
| causes = Genetic mutations affecting the immune system | |||
| risks = Family history, genetic predisposition | |||
| diagnosis = Clinical evaluation, genetic testing | |||
| differential = [[Primary immunodeficiency]], [[HIV/AIDS]], [[Diabetes mellitus]] | |||
| prevention = None | |||
| treatment = [[Antifungal]] medications, [[immunotherapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Fluconazole]], [[Itraconazole]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on severity and response to treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis''' ('''CMC''') is a group of [[immune disorders]] characterized by recurrent or persistent [[infections]] caused by [[Candida]] species, primarily [[Candida albicans]]. These infections affect the [[mucous membranes]], skin, and nails. | '''Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis''' ('''CMC''') is a group of [[immune disorders]] characterized by recurrent or persistent [[infections]] caused by [[Candida]] species, primarily [[Candida albicans]]. These infections affect the [[mucous membranes]], skin, and nails. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
CMC is primarily caused by genetic mutations that affect the immune system's ability to combat Candida infections. The most common mutations are in the [[STAT1]] and [[CARD9]] genes. These mutations lead to an impaired immune response, allowing Candida to proliferate unchecked. | CMC is primarily caused by genetic mutations that affect the immune system's ability to combat Candida infections. The most common mutations are in the [[STAT1]] and [[CARD9]] genes. These mutations lead to an impaired immune response, allowing Candida to proliferate unchecked. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of CMC include persistent or recurrent infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes. These infections can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, and discomfort. In severe cases, the infections can lead to disfigurement and disability. | Symptoms of CMC include persistent or recurrent infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes. These infections can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, and discomfort. In severe cases, the infections can lead to disfigurement and disability. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of CMC is based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The laboratory tests typically involve culturing samples from the infected areas to identify the presence of Candida. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify mutations in the STAT1 or CARD9 genes. | Diagnosis of CMC is based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The laboratory tests typically involve culturing samples from the infected areas to identify the presence of Candida. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify mutations in the STAT1 or CARD9 genes. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for CMC typically involves long-term antifungal therapy to control the Candida infections. In some cases, immunomodulatory therapy may also be used to boost the immune system's response to the infections. | Treatment for CMC typically involves long-term antifungal therapy to control the Candida infections. In some cases, immunomodulatory therapy may also be used to boost the immune system's response to the infections. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for individuals with CMC varies depending on the severity of the infections and the individual's overall health. With appropriate treatment, most individuals with CMC can lead normal lives. However, in severe cases, the infections can lead to serious complications and may be life-threatening. | The prognosis for individuals with CMC varies depending on the severity of the infections and the individual's overall health. With appropriate treatment, most individuals with CMC can lead normal lives. However, in severe cases, the infections can lead to serious complications and may be life-threatening. | ||
==Gallery== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Stat1_stucture.png|STAT1 Structure | |||
File:Chromosome_2.jpeg|Chromosome 2 | |||
File:Fluconazole-from-xtal-3D-balls.png|Fluconazole 3D Structure | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Candidiasis]] | * [[Candidiasis]] | ||
* [[Immune disorder]] | * [[Immune disorder]] | ||
* [[STAT1]] | * [[STAT1]] | ||
* [[CARD9]] | * [[CARD9]] | ||
[[Category:Immune disorders]] | [[Category:Immune disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Genetic disorders]] | [[Category:Genetic disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
{{Infectious-disease-stub}} | {{Infectious-disease-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 01:52, 5 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | CMC |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Recurrent candidiasis infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes |
| Complications | Autoimmune disease, endocrinopathy |
| Onset | Childhood or early adulthood |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic mutations affecting the immune system |
| Risks | Family history, genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | Clinical evaluation, genetic testing |
| Differential diagnosis | Primary immunodeficiency, HIV/AIDS, Diabetes mellitus |
| Prevention | None |
| Treatment | Antifungal medications, immunotherapy |
| Medication | Fluconazole, Itraconazole |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on severity and response to treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is a group of immune disorders characterized by recurrent or persistent infections caused by Candida species, primarily Candida albicans. These infections affect the mucous membranes, skin, and nails.
Etiology[edit]
CMC is primarily caused by genetic mutations that affect the immune system's ability to combat Candida infections. The most common mutations are in the STAT1 and CARD9 genes. These mutations lead to an impaired immune response, allowing Candida to proliferate unchecked.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of CMC include persistent or recurrent infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes. These infections can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, and discomfort. In severe cases, the infections can lead to disfigurement and disability.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of CMC is based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The laboratory tests typically involve culturing samples from the infected areas to identify the presence of Candida. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify mutations in the STAT1 or CARD9 genes.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for CMC typically involves long-term antifungal therapy to control the Candida infections. In some cases, immunomodulatory therapy may also be used to boost the immune system's response to the infections.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with CMC varies depending on the severity of the infections and the individual's overall health. With appropriate treatment, most individuals with CMC can lead normal lives. However, in severe cases, the infections can lead to serious complications and may be life-threatening.
Gallery[edit]
-
STAT1 Structure -
Chromosome 2 -
Fluconazole 3D Structure
See also[edit]
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