Central nervous system cavernous hemangioma: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Cavernom.jpg|thumb|Cavernom.jpg]] '''Central nervous system cavernous hemangioma''' (also known as '''cavernous malformation''', '''cavernoma''', or '''cavernous angioma''') is a type of [[vascular malformation]] found in the [[central nervous system]] (CNS). These lesions are composed of clusters of dilated blood vessels that form a characteristic "mulberry-like" appearance. They can occur anywhere in the CNS, including the [[brain]] and [[spinal cord]]. | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Central nervous system cavernous hemangioma | |||
| image = [[File:Cavernom.jpg|left|thumb|Cavernous hemangioma in the central nervous system]] | |||
| caption = MRI image showing a cavernous hemangioma | |||
| field = [[Neurology]], [[Neurosurgery]] | |||
| synonyms = Cavernous angioma, cavernoma | |||
| symptoms = [[Seizures]], [[headache]], [[focal neurological deficits]] | |||
| complications = [[Intracerebral hemorrhage]], [[epilepsy]] | |||
| onset = Any age, often diagnosed in [[adulthood]] | |||
| duration = [[Chronic (medicine)|Chronic]] | |||
| causes = [[Genetic mutation]], [[sporadic]] | |||
| risks = [[Family history]], [[genetic predisposition]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]], [[CT scan]] | |||
| differential = [[Arteriovenous malformation]], [[brain tumor]], [[stroke]] | |||
| treatment = [[Observation]], [[surgical resection]], [[stereotactic radiosurgery]] | |||
| medication = [[Anticonvulsant]]s for seizure control | |||
| frequency = 0.5% of the population | |||
| deaths = Rare, but can occur due to complications | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Cavernom.jpg|left|thumb|Cavernom.jpg]] '''Central nervous system cavernous hemangioma''' (also known as '''cavernous malformation''', '''cavernoma''', or '''cavernous angioma''') is a type of [[vascular malformation]] found in the [[central nervous system]] (CNS). These lesions are composed of clusters of dilated blood vessels that form a characteristic "mulberry-like" appearance. They can occur anywhere in the CNS, including the [[brain]] and [[spinal cord]]. | |||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Cavernous hemangiomas are relatively rare, with an estimated prevalence of 0.4-0.8% in the general population. They can occur sporadically or be inherited in an [[autosomal dominant]] pattern, often associated with mutations in the [[CCM1]], [[CCM2]], or [[CCM3]] genes. | Cavernous hemangiomas are relatively rare, with an estimated prevalence of 0.4-0.8% in the general population. They can occur sporadically or be inherited in an [[autosomal dominant]] pattern, often associated with mutations in the [[CCM1]], [[CCM2]], or [[CCM3]] genes. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Cavernous hemangiomas are composed of thin-walled, dilated capillaries with little or no intervening brain parenchyma. These lesions are prone to [[hemorrhage]], which can lead to various neurological symptoms depending on their location. The exact mechanism of hemorrhage is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to the structural weakness of the vessel walls. | Cavernous hemangiomas are composed of thin-walled, dilated capillaries with little or no intervening brain parenchyma. These lesions are prone to [[hemorrhage]], which can lead to various neurological symptoms depending on their location. The exact mechanism of hemorrhage is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to the structural weakness of the vessel walls. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
The clinical presentation of CNS cavernous hemangiomas can vary widely. Some individuals remain asymptomatic, while others may experience symptoms such as: | The clinical presentation of CNS cavernous hemangiomas can vary widely. Some individuals remain asymptomatic, while others may experience symptoms such as: | ||
| Line 13: | Line 30: | ||
* [[Focal neurological deficits]] | * [[Focal neurological deficits]] | ||
* [[Intracerebral hemorrhage]] | * [[Intracerebral hemorrhage]] | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of cavernous hemangiomas is typically made using [[magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI). MRI is the preferred imaging modality due to its high sensitivity and specificity for detecting these lesions. [[Gradient echo]] and [[susceptibility-weighted imaging]] sequences are particularly useful in identifying the characteristic "popcorn-like" appearance of cavernous hemangiomas. | The diagnosis of cavernous hemangiomas is typically made using [[magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI). MRI is the preferred imaging modality due to its high sensitivity and specificity for detecting these lesions. [[Gradient echo]] and [[susceptibility-weighted imaging]] sequences are particularly useful in identifying the characteristic "popcorn-like" appearance of cavernous hemangiomas. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The management of CNS cavernous hemangiomas depends on the symptoms and the location of the lesion. Treatment options include: | The management of CNS cavernous hemangiomas depends on the symptoms and the location of the lesion. Treatment options include: | ||
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* [[Surgical resection]] for symptomatic lesions causing significant neurological deficits or recurrent hemorrhage. | * [[Surgical resection]] for symptomatic lesions causing significant neurological deficits or recurrent hemorrhage. | ||
* [[Stereotactic radiosurgery]] as an alternative for lesions that are not amenable to surgical resection. | * [[Stereotactic radiosurgery]] as an alternative for lesions that are not amenable to surgical resection. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for individuals with CNS cavernous hemangiomas varies. Asymptomatic lesions may remain stable for years, while symptomatic lesions may require intervention. The risk of hemorrhage is a significant concern, particularly for lesions located in critical areas of the brain or spinal cord. | The prognosis for individuals with CNS cavernous hemangiomas varies. Asymptomatic lesions may remain stable for years, while symptomatic lesions may require intervention. The risk of hemorrhage is a significant concern, particularly for lesions located in critical areas of the brain or spinal cord. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Vascular malformation]] | * [[Vascular malformation]] | ||
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* [[Magnetic resonance imaging]] | * [[Magnetic resonance imaging]] | ||
* [[Seizure]] | * [[Seizure]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category|Cavernous hemangioma}} | {{Commons category|Cavernous hemangioma}} | ||
[[Category:Vascular diseases]] | [[Category:Vascular diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
| Line 43: | Line 53: | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions related to the central nervous system]] | [[Category:Medical conditions related to the central nervous system]] | ||
[[Category:Congenital disorders]] | [[Category:Congenital disorders]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:17, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Central nervous system cavernous hemangioma | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Cavernous angioma, cavernoma |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Seizures, headache, focal neurological deficits |
| Complications | Intracerebral hemorrhage, epilepsy |
| Onset | Any age, often diagnosed in adulthood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic mutation, sporadic |
| Risks | Family history, genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | MRI, CT scan |
| Differential diagnosis | Arteriovenous malformation, brain tumor, stroke |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Observation, surgical resection, stereotactic radiosurgery |
| Medication | Anticonvulsants for seizure control |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | 0.5% of the population |
| Deaths | Rare, but can occur due to complications |
Central nervous system cavernous hemangioma (also known as cavernous malformation, cavernoma, or cavernous angioma) is a type of vascular malformation found in the central nervous system (CNS). These lesions are composed of clusters of dilated blood vessels that form a characteristic "mulberry-like" appearance. They can occur anywhere in the CNS, including the brain and spinal cord.
Epidemiology[edit]
Cavernous hemangiomas are relatively rare, with an estimated prevalence of 0.4-0.8% in the general population. They can occur sporadically or be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, often associated with mutations in the CCM1, CCM2, or CCM3 genes.
Pathophysiology[edit]
Cavernous hemangiomas are composed of thin-walled, dilated capillaries with little or no intervening brain parenchyma. These lesions are prone to hemorrhage, which can lead to various neurological symptoms depending on their location. The exact mechanism of hemorrhage is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to the structural weakness of the vessel walls.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
The clinical presentation of CNS cavernous hemangiomas can vary widely. Some individuals remain asymptomatic, while others may experience symptoms such as:
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of cavernous hemangiomas is typically made using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI is the preferred imaging modality due to its high sensitivity and specificity for detecting these lesions. Gradient echo and susceptibility-weighted imaging sequences are particularly useful in identifying the characteristic "popcorn-like" appearance of cavernous hemangiomas.
Treatment[edit]
The management of CNS cavernous hemangiomas depends on the symptoms and the location of the lesion. Treatment options include:
- Observation and regular follow-up with MRI for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic lesions.
- Surgical resection for symptomatic lesions causing significant neurological deficits or recurrent hemorrhage.
- Stereotactic radiosurgery as an alternative for lesions that are not amenable to surgical resection.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with CNS cavernous hemangiomas varies. Asymptomatic lesions may remain stable for years, while symptomatic lesions may require intervention. The risk of hemorrhage is a significant concern, particularly for lesions located in critical areas of the brain or spinal cord.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
External links[edit]
